Nutrition 331 Midterm 1

Nutrition 331 Midterm 1 with correct answers well illustrated with guaranteed success. Unit 1 Overview of Nutrition - correct answers Applied Science - correct answersdraws on many disciplines of science (biochemistry, physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology, religion, microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business) Essential Nutrients - correct answersmust be provided directly by foods Nutrition - correct answersmulti-disciplinary study of processes by which nutrients are handled in body (how food nourished the body) -study of human behaviour related to food 6 major classes of nutrients - correct answers1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids (fats) 3. Protein 4. Vitamines 5. Minerals 6. Water (60% body weight) Macronutrients - correct answersrequired in large amounts (grams/Litres) (carbs, lipids, proteins, and water) Energy Yielding Nutrients - correct answerscarbs, lipids, and proteins micronutrients - correct answersvitamins and most minerals, required in small amounts (mg/micrograms) Food - correct answersany substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable you to stay alive and grow Diet - correct answersthe foods and beverages a person eats and drinks Nutrients - correct answerscomponents of food that indispensable to body's functioning -provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support growth Malnutrition - correct answersany condition caused by excess/ deficient food energy/ nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients Undernutrition - correct answersnutrient or energy deficiencies Over-nutrition - correct answersnutrient or energy excess Chronic disease - correct answerslong-duration degenerative diseases characterized by deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes) -all connected to poor diet (not diet alone) -genetic inheritance related to diet Anemia - correct answersred blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot meet oxygen demands of body Genome - correct answersfull complement of genetic material in chromosomes of cell (99% same in all ppl) DNA - correct answersmolecule that encodes genetic information in structure Genes - correct answersunits of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each directs making one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body) Nutritional Genomics - correct answersthe science of how nutrients affect the activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease Energy - correct answerscapacity to do work (in food is chemical energy) Organic - correct answerscarbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and vitamins) Energy-yielding nutrients - correct answersnutrients body can use for energy (building blocks of structure) -carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure) Calories - correct answersunits of energy (kilocalorie) -amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal) -total food energy per serving -1 cal=4.2 kilojouls Calories of 1. Carbs 2. Fat