USAHS OE Midterm Questions and Answers Already Graded A

USAHS OE Midterm Questions and Answers Already Graded A A teenager who has a moderate learning disability is watching over other teenagers playing basketball. He wants to play but does not feel he will be good enough to be with them. Which element of Wilcock's theory is the teenager experiencing? Loss of belonging The OT is observing her patient with hallucinations find his way to the dining room. However, another patient keeps telling the male adult which direction to walk in. About what is the OT therefore unable to reason? Identifying the problem The OT in home health is carrying out an initial evaluation with Jenny. Jenny is 80 and how multiple falls in her home. The OT ascertains her that she will be able to prepare her own meal in the kitchen without falling by 2 weeks of intervention. The OT has? Formed a plan An OT wants to collate the info she has gathered from the evaluation and place it in a form that encapsulates the person as an occupational being. Which of the following would she use? Model of practice A lady with MS is telling her OT that she is waking up with pain due to muscular spasms in her lower limbs during the night. The OT reflects to herself that this is because the lady is not able to change her position independently in bed at night. This is an example of the OT reasoning through a ? Hypothesis Models of practice Referral (first notification of client) Collect cues and information Process information Identify problems (occupational barriers) Establish goals Frames of reference Form a plan Take action Evaluate outcomes Discharge (when a client leaves) Applying OT models and frames in clinical reasoning Circle of clinical reasoning and explains how OT delivers clinical reasoning Models of practice and frames of reference How theory applies in OT Paradigm (belief/value/current trend of thinking. Can change with the time period) Philosophy (core understanding/assumptions. Centered around engagement) Models of practice Frames of reference Intervention OT theory by wilcock Doing-taking part in purposeful activity Being-taking time to reflect and appreciate the meaning and value Becoming-Envisioning our future and what we wish to become Belonging-The sense of being included and accepted How does models and framework fit into our theory -Overachieving theory -Helps OT compartmentalize all the elements of the client -Theories link elements together -So this theory provides the links to enable OT to make required links and formulate a total picture focused on OT engagement -The therapist will select the most appropriate model for the patient -From identifying the problems the frames of reference are now relevant, as these are how we clinically reason what interventions we can deliver and how we deliver them Models of Human Occupation (MOHO) -Views the person as an open ended system -Always interacting with the environment and adapting to the changes the environment might pose -3 subsystems help view patient as occupational being 1. performance capacity 2. habituation 3. volition -^^^^^^^ the 3 core of a person Performance capacity -Referred to as the mind, brain, body, connection 1. input (individuals receiving info. from environment) 2. throughput (info gets processed or changes are made) 3. output (once change is made, person will perform action) 4. feedback (always receiving feedback from environment as their own actions, and as such were constantly changing and adapting to how we do things) MOHO -Most widely used occupation based model in practice worldwide -Occupational focused, evidence based and client centered approach to OT practice -Concerned with how people can participate in daily life -Process in which practitioners support client engagement in occupations The person as viewed by MOHO Person -performance -skill Environment ^^^^^ occupational identity occupational adaptation occupational competency Volition Personal causation (how person views themselves in what they can/cannot do) Values Interests Habituation Habits (influences and assists in establishing routine) Roles (part of our identity and who are are Example- waking up everyday and going to school because I am a student Performance capacity The capacity to do something depends on the following 2 factors -body systems -mental or cognitive abilities MOHO concepts related to environment Engagement in occupation Environment MOHO and Occupational Engagement 3 levels at which we can examine what a person does 1. occupational participation 2. occupational performance 3. skills 6 steps of therapeutic reasoning Gathering (gathering info on a client) Using (using info gathered to create explanation of the clients info) Generating (generating goals and strategies) Implementing and monitoring (monitoring therapy) Determining (determining outcomes of therapy) MOHO in own words A model that looks at our client and the occupation, as well as their motivations, their habits, their routines, and their rituals and how that interplays with the environment We are really looking at what motivates our client from an individual perspective Occupational competency Degree to which one is able to sustain a pattern of occupational participation that reflects ones occupational participation that reflects ones occupational identity Occupational identity A composite sense of who one is and wishes to become as an occupational being generated from ones occupational history Occupational adaptation Constructing a positive occupational identity and achieving occupational competence over time in the context of ones environment Bill, a police officer, is returning to work after a serious injury to his right, dominant hand. He is anxious about being able to safely perform his job duties after returning to work. Bill is struggling with which component of volition? Personal causation The model of human occupation is an occupation-focused approach to OT practice that is also all of the following except: Diagnostic process In MOHO, ____________ is the process by which people are motivated toward and choose what activities they do. Volition MOHO's definition, "locate novel information, alternatives for action, and new feelings that provide solutions for and/or give meaning to occupational performance and participation," applies to which dimension of occupational engagement? Identify Which of the therapeutic strategies identified by MOHO is described this way: "sharing your understanding of the client's situation or ongoing action"? Giving feedback Mary is not able to hold her three-year-old due to decreased strength resulting from a nerve injury to her left arm. According to MOHO, Mary is having difficulty with: Performance capacity The question "What routines does this person participate in, and how do routines influence what he or she does?" is asking about which MOHO concept? Habituation Dr. Frank discussed using a MOHO assessment with her client that provides information about future, present, and past role participation and how much clients value those roles. Which MOHO assessment did she talk about? Role checklist You are helping steady your client while she is standing at the sink brushing her teeth. Which therapeutic strategy identified by MOHO are you using? Providing physical support You want Susan to try to dress herself today, but she is not feeling up to it. She agrees to put on her pants if you help her with her shirt. You agree so that she can increase her independence with dressing. Which therapeutic strategy are you using according to MOHO? Negotiating Occupational Behavior Mary Reilly To prevent and reduce the disruptions and incapabilities in occupational behavior that results from injury or illness Developmental theory Achievement theory Roles Evaluation: self care/play/work MOHO Gary Kielhofner Views the person as an open system Always interacting with the environment Adapting to changes the environment might pose Occupational Adaptation Schkade and Schultz Focus on interactive process between a person and his environment and internal adaptive process that occurs when we engage Evaluation: OA data gathering phase and evaluation, planning and intervention, program outcomes Ecology of Human Performance Winnie Dunn Emphasizes a preventive and rehabilitation intervention approach. Includes person, task, context, and performance Intervention includes: establish and restore, alter, adapt/modify, prevent, and create Person Environment Occupation Performance Charles Christiansen and Carolyn Baum Guides an OT to view the entire system of care by placing the client at the center Narrative/person factor/environmental factor/OT factor 4 phases for intervention: narrative, assessment/evaluation, intervention and outcomes