NUR 2474 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 TESTBANK / 170+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST GUIDE 2024.

NUR 2474 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 TESTBANK / 170+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST GUIDE 2024. 2 / 10 1. dopaminergic agent: levodopa/carbidopa 2. anticholinergic agent: benzotrophine 3. cholinesterase inhibitor: donepezil 4. Immunomodulators: interferon beta 5. traditional anti epileptic drugs: phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid 6. atypical anti epileptic drugs: oxcarbazepine lamotrigdine 7. barbiturates: Phenobarbital 8. muscle spams drugs: baclofen dantrolene 9. 1st generation antipsychotics: low potency: chlorpromazinehigh potency: haloperidol 10. 2nd generation antipsychotic: clozapinerisperdone olanzapine 11. SSRIs: fluoxetine sertraline paroxetine 12. SNRI: venlafaxine duloxetine 13. TCA: amitriptyline 14. MAOI: phenelzine 15. atypical antidepressant: Bupropion, trazodone 16. OTC herbal for depression: ST.Johns Wort 17. mood stabilizer: lithium 18. benzodiazepines: lorazepam, diazepamalprazolam 19. benzodiazepine like drugs: zolpidem 20. insomnia drugs used: trazodonedoxepin 21. OTC drug for insomnia: melatonin 22. Atypical Anxiolytic: Buspirone 3 / 10 23. amphetamines: amphetamine, lisdexamfetamine methamphetamine 24. methylxanthines: methylphenidate 25. when should we complete blood testing with use of lithium?: early in therapy- every 2-3 days, until a therapeutic dose has been established, then longterm-every 3 to 6 months 26. therapeutic level of lithium: 0.8-1.4 mEq/L 27. toxic level of lithium: greater than 1.5 mEq/L 28. when can we start to see side effects of lithium?: when the drug is at atherapeutic level. they are expected. 29. what are the side effects of lithium (therapeutic level)?: GI effects, tremors,polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter, hypothyroidism, teratogenesis. 30. what will happen to side effects when one has a toxic level of lithium?: theeffects will be much worse and possibly life threatening i.e. tremor that becomes larger with muscle incoordination 31. what medications can we use to treat the cyclic effects of bipolar (mood-depressionpsychosis)?: mood stabilizer (lithium)= control moodantidepressant (SSRI,TCA,MAOI)= control depression antipsychotic (Ist/2nd generation)= control the psychosis 32. how does a benzodiazepine help with ETOH withdrawal?: it will decrease thewithdrawal manifestations and intensity, while making one sleepy and having CNSdepression. plus, it is easy to give IM and will work quickly. 33. what is a popular benzodiazepine that is used to treat anxiety?: alprazolam(think A-anxiety) 34. how does alprazolam work to reduce anxiety?: it inhibits GABA in the CNS,depressing the CNS. 35. what are the side effects of alprazolam use?: a. CNS depression, antero- grade amnesia (patient cannot remember much), sleep driving (not safe), paradox-ical effects (still anxious, stays up, rowdy), respiratory depression. 36. what drugs does alprazolam interact with?: CNS depressant medications(additive effects), ETOH 37. what are varioustreatments and drugs used to treat anxiety patients?: ben-zo's (pam/lam), 4 / 10 atypical anxiolytic buspirone, SSRIs paroxetine/fluoxetine, TCAs, MAOIs, trazodone. 38. explain what a sedative hypnotic does: cause the patient to have sedation, sleepiness, CNS depression, anterograde amnesia (patient cannot remembermuch), sleep driving (not safe),respiratory depression 39. whatthingsshould we teach the patient using a drug to treat anxiety?: drugshould be tapered only by the HCP, not patient no ETOH use what withdrawal effects may look like 40. what does anxiety medication PO withdraw look like?: drowsiness, lethargy,confusion 41. what does anxiety medication IV withdraw look like?: hypotension, respira-tory arrest, cardiac arrest. 5 / 10 42. explain what methylphenidate does: increases attention and focus in children (NOTHING DEALING W/ BEHAVIORS) 43. other effects of methylphenidate use in children: decreased appetite insomnia if given late in the day 44. what things should we always do when giving methylphenidate to a child with ADHD?: ALWAYS: give the drug in the morning, after breakfast, and give the last dose before 4pm, or else the child will not sleep at night 45. which 3 drugs are controlled substances and highly abused?: ampheta-mines, barbiturates, methylphenidate 46. what is the purpose of drug treatment with Alzheimer Disease patients?: -there is treatment to help slow down the progression of the disease, but to not cureit 47. how does donepezil works?: it slow the progression of Alzheimers disease by causing reversible inhibition of cholinesterase and the cholinergic receptors. 48. what should we do when discontinuing an antidepressant (or any medica-tion)?: if antidepressant is stopped cold turkey, withdrawal syndrome can occur. we must gradually taper the drug slowly and have the HCP taper it. do not let patient taper drug by themselves. 49. what are signs and symptoms of withdraw