NBCE I - GENERAL ANATOMY SCOTT EXAM WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+

Embryology - Gut, Respiratory Tract, "Tubular Structures" Endoderm Embryology - Somites Paraxial Mesoderm Embryology -UG system and Kidneys Intermediate Mesoderm Embryology - Skull, Muscles, and CT of head Head Mesoderm Embryology - Adrenal Cortex, Spleen, CV and Lymphatics. Lateral Plate Mesoderm Embryology - Epidermis, Anterior Pituitary, Lens of the Eye, Hair Surface Ectoderm Embryology - Posterior Pituitary, Retina of Eye, CNS Neural Tube (Neuroectoderm) Embryology - Adrenal Medulla, DRG, ANS, ParafolicularCells Neural Crest (Neuroectoderm) GI Embryo - Mouth to Foregut Mouth = Stomodeum Foregut = Mouth -> 1/3 of duodenum Midgut = 1/3 of duodenum -> 2/3 transverse Hindgut = 2/3 transverse -> Colon Intramembranous / Intramedullary Ossification Mesenchymal tissue -> Bone (Clavicle and Flat bones of skull) Endochondral Ossification Cartilage to Bone, all other bones. What bone is both Intramembranous and Endochondral? Scapula What does the Gubernaculum become inmales? Females? Scrotal Ligament (M) Suspensory Ligament, Ovarian Lig, Round Ligament (F) What gives rise to the Thyroid? Foramen Cecum Stages of Mitosis IPMAT Histology - Air and Fluid Diffusion Simple Squamous Epithelium Simple Squamous Epithelium Location BVs, Capillaries, Lymphatics, Alveoli Histology - Areas of high friction Stratified Squamous Epithelium Stratified Squamous Location (Keratinized / Non-Keratinized) Keratinized = skin Non-keratinized = mouth, vagina, esophagus (satisfied) Histology - Secretory Cells Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Simle Cuboidal Epithelium Location Kidney Tubules Glands Digestive Tract Choroid Plexus Histology - Secretory (Sweat Glands) Stratified Cuboidal Endothelium Histology - Stretch (Bladder, Uraters, Kidney) Transitional Epithelium Histology - Absorption Simple Columnar Epithelium SimpleColumnar Epithelium Locations Stomach Small and Large Intestine Glands Histology - Reproductive Tract (Uterus, NOT vagina) Stratified Columnar Epithelium Histology - Respiratory Tract (Not Alveoli) Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium Dense Regular tissue can be found in... Tendons Ligaments Dense Irregular tissue can be found in... Dermis of the skin Elastic tissue can be found in... BVs Reticular Tissue canbe found in... Lymph Nodes Spleen Skin Layers (Superficial to Deep) "Cows Like Green Soft Grass" Stratum Corneum Lucidum Granulosum Spinosum Germinativum (Basale) What skin layer is found only in the Soles of the feet and palms of the hands? Stratum Lucidum What layer is Melanin in? Basement (Basal) Layer (Stratum Basale / Germinativum Which extrinsic tongue muscle is the only one not innervated by CN 12? Palatoglossus (CN X) Taste Buds - Largest / Fewest Circumvallate Taste Buds - Smallest / Most Numerous Filiform (Not involved with taste) Anterior 2/3 of tongue Taste? Sensation? Taste = CN 7 (Facial) Sensation = CN 5 (Trig) Posterior 1/3 of tongue Taste? Sensation? Both CN 9 (Glossopharyngeal) What are the Rings of Waldeyer? Tonsils Temporalis O/I/A O = Temporal Bone I = Coronoid of Mandible A = Close Jaw / Retract Jaw Masseter O/I/A O = Zygomati I = External Jaw Angle A = Close Jaw Internal / Medial Pterygoid O/I/A O = Medial Pterygoid Process I = Internal Angle of Jaw A = Close Jaw External / Lateral Pterygoid O/I/A O = Lateral Pterygoid I = TMJ Disc / Mandibular Condyle A = Opens Jaw / Protrudes Jaw NECK TRIANGLES See pic in phone What 3 Laryngeal cartilages are Single (Not Paired)? Cricoid Epiglottis Thyroid What 3 Laryngeal Cartilages are Paired? Arytenoids Corniculates Cuneiforms Where is voice produced from? The Glottis (Vocal Folds) What muscle is responsible for opening the vocal folds? Posterior Cricoarytenoids What muscle is responsible for closing the vocal folds? Lateral Cricoarytenoids Diaphragm Openings (A->P w/ levels and contents) "I Eat Apples" IVC - T8 - IVC Esophagus - T10 - Esoph + Vagus n Aorta - T12 - Thoracic Duct / Azygous Vein Inspiration - External or Internal Intercostals? External Intercostals Expiration - External or Internal Intercostals? Internal Intercostals Which Crus (Diaphragm Ligament) is longer? R is longer than L (no heart) Peritoneum - connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the Transverse Colon Greater Omentum Peritonium - connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the Liver Lesser Omentum Peritoneum - connects organs to the posterior abdominal wall Mesentery Opening between greater and lesser peritoneal sacs. AKA Foramen of Winslow Epiploic Foramen What organs are Retroperitoneal? (5) Kidney / Adrenal Glands Pancreas Duodenum Aorta / IVC Ascending / Descending Colon Which lung has a lingula? Left (homolog to R middle lobe) Where does the Trachea begin / end? C6->T4 Respiratory System Organization (8) Primary Bronchus (Principal) Secondary Bronchus (Lobar) Tertiary Bronchus (Segmental) Terminal Bronchus Respiratory Bronchus Alveolar Ducts AlveolarSacs Alveoli Where does cartilage stop within the Respiratory System? Secondsry Bronchus (Lobar) How many lobar segments of the lung are there on the R? L? R = 3 L = 2 (heart)