GRMN 2301 - EXAM 2 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

Nazi art views on culture - women play a very small role or stereotypical role - only the best will be able to play sports because they have to do it well - the art will be very boring because its extremely traditional Ministry and Public Enlightenment and Propaganda is responsible for all activites: - admin - propaganda - radio - newspapers - film - theater, music, art - protection about lies in Germany + abroad Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen Minister of the ministry is Joesph Goebbels Nazi film production - 1094 feature films - of these 941 were genre films - 523 were comedies and musicals Nazi cinema evening program - newsreel - live comedy act - cartoon - cultural film - feature film Rentschler's 5 premises: 1. The cinema of the third reich must be seen in the context of a totalitarian state's attempt to remake German culture and politics 2. Nazi films were meant to entertain, "to move the hearts and minds of masses while seeming to have little to do with politics" 3. Orchestra principle: cinema plays a part in the overall program of creating a new culture 4. Nazi culture was a popular culture, not just 'official art' 5. Nazi films aimed to be aesthically pleasing and drew on traditional models of filmmaking, including American cinema conventions Triumph of the Will - filmed at the 1934 Nuremburg Party congress - director = Leni Rienfenstahl () - length 120 min - made w a team of 120 analysis of Triumph of the Will - the men are from all different places - working for the good of the race - showing their hands showed physical labor - not a lot of indiviudilization - ritualistic aspect La Habanara - Zarah Leander = swedish actress - there are continoutites from Hollywood movie stars to Nazi moviestars - part of an evening movie program at the cinema - part of an overall transformation of German society Ernst Jünger () - Storm of Steel (1920) - 1923 = leaves military - 1920s = studies zoology, philosophy; active writer for nationalist + right wing press "The Worker" by Ernst Jünger (1932) - proposes new race/species of the "worker" - worker is not an individual - worker = a new human being for a new society Bourgeois Society's view of itself - it values = - predictability - convience - individuals - comfort - sees pain in boredom + physiological problems Exhibition of "Great German Art Exhibition" - everything was very classical + traditional - building = Haus der Deutschen Kunst Hitler's speech at the opening of the exhibition - Very against art that is international, modern, changes in history - praises art that is German and eternal Hitler's critique of "degenerate art" (modern art) - either criminals or sick degenerate art exhibit - July-November 1937 - Munich, Germany - 650+ paintings, prints, sculptures, books - by 120 artists (mostly German) - taken from German museums - 20,000 visitors a day, free - moved to different cities too - "chamber of horror" was entertaining + political - art wasn't presented in an attractive way - goal was to reduce all the work to the same basic level, to prevent any single work from developing an individual presence - cramped hanging, bad lighting - distraction from the actual artwork on display works were declared degenerate for - insulting German feeling - destroying or confusing natural form - lacking adequate manual and artistic skill what was shown in the exhibit - modern art - abstract, cubist, fauve, expressionist, etc. - regardless of the artist's political views Info about the Holocaust 1. Holocaust + Nazism 2. Intentionalist v. Functionalist approach 3. Holocaust timeline Importance of Holocaust for Nazism - Holocaust was central for Nazism - because antisemitism was central to Nazism 2 approaches to Holocaust - intentionalist - functionalist interpretation Intentionalist interprets "the actions of the Nazi regime as the unfolding of the ideology and expressed intentions of its leadership (and of Hitler in particular)" Functionalist interpretation interprets the actions of the Nazi regime by "focusing on the dynamic of decision-making processes and the institutional pressures inherent in the Nazi system of government" Holocaust timeline : - gradual isolation of German Jews through economic measures, violence - firing of Jews, special taxes, export restrictions, banned from many public spaces - government encouraged Jewish emigration and made it difficult - exemptions - mostly for veterans-gradually phased out - tensions w/ conservatives - international tensions - by 1938, conservative military + political officials dismissed - = almost half of Germany's Jews emigrate (300,000 people)