GRMN 2301 TEST TWO STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

Interpret Nazi films using the concepts introduced in this unit in the texts by Jünger. Jünger stated that society exists in pain, expressed through boredom. The films highlight the war effort of the Nazis before and during world war two, and also the boredom that characters face in their daily lives. For example, Hitler Youth Quex illustrates the young boy's boredom and eagerness to help the war effort, and for those reasons chooses to join the Hitler Youth. The movie also shows poverty and social issues that arise due to the war effort, mostly depicted through the familial relationship of the main character and his parents. In order for a great undertaking to occur, there must be pain and suffering, according to Jünger. Interpret Nazi films using the concepts introduced in this unit in the texts by Rentschler. Cinema of the 3rd Reich is to be seen as a totalitarian state's conscious attempt to create a new culture via mass deception Entertainment is crucial Nazi film and propaganda needs to be understood as an "orchestra culture" that is, the buildup of many different moving pieces that all accomplish the same goal with little to no room for personal critical thought or action. Nazi aesthetics and the way that mass culture as a whole was monitored and influenced Nazi films aren't all propaganda, there is a fair amount of substance and material adapted from Hollywood and other sources. Not propaganda, but a natural progression of film anyway, with Nazi ideals and government tactics mixed in. Rentschler's Premises and Hitler Youth Quex: The movie was everything that the Nazi regime wanted it to be. It simplified the world, heightened the experience to provide emotional frisson, and stressed immediate and authentic existence. However, it previewed a nation's way to war, and collective self-destruction. Main Points of Rentschler's interpretation of HYQ: He viewed it as more nuanced that earlier interpretations suggested. He thought that it created an experience in the theater for germans and was entertaining for them. He saw the film as creating simple dichotomies (communist v. Nazi, direct/slang v. high German, dark vs. light, disorientation v order, etc) both thematically and formally. He saw this film as aiming to train a new kind of man and present self sacrifice as pleasurable. Thematically, the film was about sacrifice, and formally, the establishing shot, the identification w/ disembodied camera perspective and the music for a rousing ending were all used to present scenes. La Habenera: There are racial types in the film that are different, but not immediately hierarchal Astree employs self sacrifice for her Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen Explain the basic steps in the historical development of the Shoah. April 1933: "civil servants not of Aryan race are to retire" first racial law in Germany July 14th, 1933: De-Naturalization law removes Jews from having citizenship Summarize Jünger's theory of pain. Our current society does it's best to avoid pain at all costs but we are failing at it Pain is something that should be, embraced, tolerated and accepted Our society is incapable of avoiding pain because modern society has so little risk that the people are bored in their day to day lives Boredom is "pain distilled over time" No racial theory - relevant only to the betterment of the state, not the race. Pain is a necessary struggle for great undertakings The strongest will survive, those who aren't fit to reproduce will have to suffer How does Junger's Theory of Pain relate to Nazi Ideology? Nazis were the ones who applied his theory to both state AND race We choose to ignore pain in our society because to do so is beneficial: if you aren't dead you should still move to the greater goal (self sacrifice of individual for the whole) Pain is a necessary struggle for greater undertakings Social darwinism: the strongest will survive, those who aren't fit to reproduce will have to suffer Alienation: separation of your true self/being, includes disconnect of modern germans from the struggle of life, form of pain Nazism wanted to overcome How could you use Junger's Theory of Pain to interpret the films we've watched so far? Be able to explain the key concepts - second consciousness The ability to disconnect oneself from their consciousness. Critical concept to Jungers last man: they must focus only on the advancement of the state and not on themselves Able to view the world around them with a disconnected and unaffected manner Able to see more clearly what needs to be done to further their nation and race Able to act without the inhibitions of pain, fear, empathy, or any of the other annoying traits associated with consciousness. Be able to explain the key concepts - The Last Man The last man is lazy, fearful, unmotivated Values comfort, security, safety, shelter, predictability, and individuality Become dulled by the boredom of modern life, the pain of which is slowly killing him without him realizing it Values his individuality to the point that it interferes with the progression of his state and race Last man = complacent Junger's critique of bourgeois society - what he wants to change We are the last form of man before an individual man becomes a "type" as the worker Be able to explain the key concepts - The Worker Transformation of how pain is used-embodied in the worker who will replace the last man The Worker is more of a type than an individual and believes that the key driving force behind all of the Worker's motivations will be the betterment of the society and race to which he belongs The Worker will not avoid pain like the modern man but will embrace it if it is beneficial to his cause The Worker will only be able to come about once modern liberties are essentially destroyed New "species" of the worker Worker is not an individual - don't have control over life and no goal of self realization Worker must sacrifice individually for greater goals set by someone else New name for human being/society not based on basic human rights Be able to explain the key concepts - Pain & Contemporary Society Values security, shelter, safety, predictability, convenience, and individuals Liberal society Bourgeois society Society based on Enlightenment principles Society with freedom of expression, religion, association Society with private property Pain is avoided at all costs Shows up as boredom and physiological problems Discuss the importance of photography and sports in Junger's theory. View oneself as objects that can endure pain Key to the idea of the Worker because it captures only the part of life that Juenger's worker would see, the perfect society, race, body, or whatever it is that the viewer is looking at Key to Juengers concept of second consciousness, and illustrates the disconnect between consciousness and the world around us that he would like to see implemented in his Worker type Once you are able to detach yourself from the world around you, you can objectify yourself, and once you objectify yourself, you can use your body as a tool to further your society Sport is part of an effort to serve the state Fitness also has to do with emotional resilience Juenger and Nazis see pain/training/discipline has to be integrated into everyday life Sports are one of the few areas of life in which people are already tolerating and embracing pain in order to win glory and prestige for their country and people The young men and women who compete against other countries and the records themselves are putting themselves in harm's way and willingly undergoing daily pain in the form of training in order to further their nation Juenger believes that eventually this idea of self sacrifice will be the defining feature of the people, and once this comes about, his worker type will be fulfilled Competition is against records not people New need to know precisely what people can do What are Rentschler's premises? Explain them clearly Premise 1: The cinema of the Third Reich must be seen in the context of a totalitarian state's attempt to remake German culture and politics. -Nazi Film needed to overcome the status quo of the Weimar Republic's films by providing a new aesthetic. -They did so by overhauling the film industry and retaining political messages in the films without making them seem overtly political -Films made during the Nazi era are still regarded today as some of the best of the period, and this is thanks in part to the funding and effort that Nazi's put into cinema What are Rentschler's premises? Explain them clearly Premise 2: Nazi films were meant to entertain, "to move the hearts and minds of masses while seeming to have little in common with politics." -Nazi film provided an escape from the day to day life of Nazi Germany, and therefore its political message couldn't be overtly political like Triumph of the Will -However, the fact that the government had control over the cinema's and the film industry itself meant that even though the film provided an escape from Nazi rule it did so on their terms, and so despite its relatively unpolitical message, the nature in which it was viewed was absolutely a calculated political move -Munchhausen is a great example of this, while it did not have a certain political tone, it was over the top and had a large Hollywood-esqe budget in order to entertain the masses and make them forget about the war happening in their backyard.