OPOTA SPOS UNIT 1 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS.

The relationship between a student performance objective and a test question A test question must respond directly to an SPO and every SPO may be the basis of a test question. The Ultimate reason for Law Enforcement Training To be able to protect the life and property of yourself and the public Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:07 / 0:15 Full screen A Peace officers main goals 1. Enforce laws 2. Preserve the Peace 3. Prevent Crimes 4. Protect civil rights and liberties 5. Provide services Considerations when exercising discretion -Use sound judgment to determine which laws are to be formally enforced -Determine if there is a more constructive remedy to a situation without an arrest or citation Factors necessary for the commission of a crime Desire -The motivation behind criminal behavior -This factor is the most difficult to change Victime -the potential target -criminals prefer an easy target that is unaware of his/her surroundings or lacking proper security precautions -Difficult to change this factor due to individual personalities Opportunity -Removing opportunity for crime with proper security measures applied to the victim's environment -most effective area to concentrate crime prevention strategies Core concepts of community policing - Partnership between the police and the community - Crime prevention - Organizational change of the agency - A problem-solving approach to the police role that is proactive Considerations for off duty situations Behavior - An officer's behavior is often scrutinized by the community even when not on duty - Not only does this refer to physical and verbal actions, but also online activity on social media - An officer is expected to uphold the law enforcement code of ethics Situational Awareness - An officer should make every effort to remain alert even when not working - You never know when you may need to transition quickly from private citizen to a peace officer - Make certain to preplan with your family should a situation arise while together. Create a number of scenarios for your family to practice - Familiarize yourself with your agency's off duty weapon policy Be a good witness if a situation arises when police intervention is necessary Purposes of the Bill of Rights Protect an individual's freedoms and prevent the government from interfering in protected rights Major Components of the Criminal Justice system Law Enforcement - Keep the peace - Apprehend violators and combat crime - Prevent crime - Provide social services Courts - Hold fair and impartial trials (ensure due process) - Determine guilt or innocence - Impose sentences on the guilty - Key personnel includes judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys Corrections- responsible for supervising the offender - prisons/county jails - parole - probation - halfway houses - work release programs The goals of sentencing - punish the offender and in many cases, rehabilitate the offender - protect society - restore the victim as much as possible Define Ethics the moral actions, conduct, motives, and character of an individual Four Factors which most likely contribute to unethical behavior 1. Anger 2. Lust 3. Greed 4. Peer pressure Code of ethics or code of conduct to identify expected behavior Nine ethical responsibilities of peace officers 1. treating everyone professionally 2. Maintaining your self-respect- responsibility to self 3. To the profession 4. To your family 5. To your community 6. NEVER allow doubt to cloud your view of the people whom you serve 7. NEVER using excessive physical force when controlling combative individuals 8. NEVER accepting gratuities 9. NEVER committing perjury Define Bribery The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal duties. Define Sexual Harassment Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitute sexual harassment. Explain the Continuum of Compromise - Being exposed on a regular basis to "special authority" and at the same time being exposed on a daily basis to that element of society that operates without values, combines to several challenge an officer's core values system. - Transformation from idealistic ethical ethical officer to self-serving, unethical officer is typically a subtle process. - Process- begins with perceived sense of victimization by citizens on the streets and then progresses to alienation from the public and sense of duty to it. Alienation from the CJS and from department administration. Define ethical dilemma A situation in which: the officer did not know what the right course of a action was, or the course of action the officer considered right was too difficult to do, or the wrong course of action was tempting. Ethical dilemmas can commonly occur when? - A means and the end result have good and bad aspects, such as using force to extort information from a suspect in order to prevent a crime of violence or save a life. - An officer is confronted with expectations that are incompatible with his/her own beliefs. - An officer comes to believe that others have different exception of how one should act. - An officer learns that others have different expectations of how one should act. - An officer believes his/her role includes expectations which may be contradictory or incompatible with the role that has been established for him/her. Common areas in which unethical acts occur Engaging in, attempting to engage in conspiring to engage in, or soliciting, coercing, or intimidating another person to engage in conduct that includes: Bribery (2921.02), intimidation (2921.03), intimidation of attorney, victim, or witness in criminal case (2921.04), perjury (2921.11), tampering with evidence (2921.12), obstructing justice (2921.32), theft in office (2921.41), having unlawful interest in a public contract (2921.42), soliciting or accepting improper compensation (2921.43) Explain the steps in the decision making model Step 1- define the problem, being aware that how you define the problem determines where and how you will look for solutions. Step 2- Identify alternative solutions available to address the problem- at a minimum, three and ideally more than five. Step 3- evaluate the identified alternative- list the pros and cons of each, differentiate between known facts and personal beliefs about the situation. Step 4- make the decision Step 5- implement the decision Step 6- Evaluate the decision PLUS filter P=Policies-is it consistent with my agency's principles and procedures? L=Legal-is the action lawful? U= Universal- Does it conform to the universal principles and values of my agency? S= Self- does it align with my beliefs of what is right, good, and fair PLUSE filters should be applied at each of the following steps of the decision making model Step 1- Does the existing situation violate any PLUS considerations? Step 3- Do the alternatives resolve or create PLUS considerations and, if so, are the ethical trade-offs acceptable? Step 6-Does the solution resolve all PLUS considerations, or were unintended or unforeseen PLUS considerations created? List the uses of field notes -Preservation of knowledge in written form -Foundation of the formal written report -AIDS in further investigation -Evidence in court -Documentation of the officer's effort in the field List the types of information to be recorded in field notes -complete information on victims, witnesses, and suspects involved -date and time of offense or incident being reported -location of occurrence -type of place where offense or incident took place -details of offense or incident being reported -disposition of evidence, property, and subjects -corresponding report number List the guidelines to be followed when taking field notes -Head notebook page with day and time of shift -Do not place information from one incident on the same page with information from another incident -Write or print neatly so you can read and understand your notes later -Record all information in ink -Let victims and witnesses talk through the event before you start recording notes -Ask clarifying follow-up questions -Be as complete as possible -Consider the use of electronic data device or template -Do not record personal information in your notebook