Lean: Problem Solving Tools, Kaizen & A3 Exam Questions with Correct Answers

7 common tools for root cause analysis Correct Answer -process flow diagram -cause and effect diagram -check sheet -scatter diagram -histogram -Pareto diagrams -control charts Cause-and-Effect Diagram: Ishikawa or Fishbone Correct Answer •It was developed by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa in 1943 •Picture composed of lines and symbols designed to represent a meaningful relationship between an effect and its causes •Effect (characteristics that need improvement) on the right and causes on the left Check/Tally Sheets Correct Answer •The main purpose is to ensure that the data are collected carefully and accurately by operating personnel for process control and problem solving •The form of the check sheet is individualized for each situation and is designed by the project team •Check sheets are designed to show location -Creates easy-to-understand data -Builds, with each observation, a clearer picture of the facts -Patterns in the data become obvious quickly -Creativity plays a major role in the design of a check sheet Scatter Diagram Correct Answer The simplest way to determine if a cause and-effect relationship exists between two variables -Supplies the data to confirm a hypothesis that two variables are related -Provides both a visual and statistical means to test the strength of a relationship -Provides a good follow-up to cause and effect diagrams -Scatter diagram patterns Run Charts Correct Answer •Monitor a metric over a period of time •For example weight of a cookie bar produced over time to observe variation Gap Analysis Correct Answer •Compare the best practices with the processes currently in place in your organization. •Determine the "gaps" between your organization's practices and the identified best practices.