CIPP/E questions with verified solutions 2023/2024

CIPP/EUniversal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 1948, Art. 12 - correct answers i. First international legal instrument announcing a right to privacy ii. Catalyst for other human rights instruments in Europe. iii. Recognized universal values and traditions of "the inherent dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human race in the foundation of freedom, justice, and peace in the world." European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) 1950, Art. 8 - correct answers i. International treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. ii. Protects wide scope of fundamental rights and freedoms Council of Europe (CoE) - correct answers i. Formed after WWII to unite Europe and promote rule of law, democracy, human rights and social development. Treaty of Rome (1957) - correct answers i. established European Economic Area (EEA) ii. Adopted ECHR in 1950 a) International obligations b) All CoE member states have now incorporated or given effect to ECHR in their national law iii. EEA is all EU member states plus Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway Convention 108 (1981) - correct answers i. Convention for the protection of individuals w/ regard to automatic processing of personal data a) Applies to all data processing carried out by both private/public sector b) Protects individual from abuse c) Regulates trans-border data flow d) Includes FIPPs e) Outlaws processing of sensitive data without proper legal safeguards f) Data subject rights ii. The only legally binding international instrument in the data protection field. iii. Ratified by ALL EU Member States Treaty of Maastricht (1992) - correct answers i. Established the EU EU Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC) (1995) - correct answers i. Aimed to further reconcile the individual data protection rights with free flow of data between member states. ii. Will be replaced by GDPR, May 28, 2018 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000) - correct answers i. Incorporated human rights protections (the original treaties of the European Communities did not contain any reference to human rights or their protection) ii. Became legally binding as EU primary law (Art 6(1) of TEU) when the Lisbon Treaty came into force in 2009. iii. respect for private and family life (Art. 7) iv. right to data protection (Art. 8) Treaty on European Union (TEU) (2007) - correct answers i. Forms the basis of EU law Lisbon Treaty (2009) - correct answers i. Aimed to strengthen and improve the core structures of the EU to enable it to function more efficiently. ii. Amended the two core EU treaties: a) Treaty on European Union (TEU) b) Treaty Establishing the European Community (renamed Treaty on the Functioning of the European union, or TFEU) iii. Promoted Charter of Fundamental Rights and requires countries wishing to join the EU to respect its core values—this was not previously required.