BIOS 255 Week 7 Comprehensive Exam

BIOS 255, Comprehensive Exam This examination covers content learned in BIOS251, BIOS252, and BIOS255. This exam is worth 100 total points, consisting of 50 multiple-choice questions. You have 75 minutes to complete the Exam. BIOS 251  Describe a positive feedback system  Describe a negative feedback system  Epithelial tissue  Vascular or avascular?  Why might it be described as polar?  What roles does it play in attachment and regeneration? Connective tissue  Describe the three types of protein fibers in connective tissue  What is chondroitin sulfate and where is it located in the body? Skin  What is the function of keratin in the epidermis?  Discuss the locations and functions of merocrine, Sebaceous, and apocrine glands Bones  Discuss the differences in the function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts  Briefly describe the six steps of endochondral ossification  Refer to Table 8.2, p. 226. Describe the appearances of condyles, facets, and heads  Examine Figure 8.5a, p. 229. Which bone constitutes most of the hard palate?  Define the terms diaphysis, metaphysis, and epiphysis Joints  Describe the anatomy of a typical synovial joint.  What type of mobility is observed in synovial joints?  Explain why the talocrural joint is classified as a hinge joint.  Where is the sacroiliac joint located and which bones are found in this joint? Bios252 Muscles  What is a sarcomere?  Carefully, study steps 3 and 4 on p. 395. What is the effect of acetylcholine attaching to its receptor?  Review Figure 11.15, p. 403. What are the differences between muscle twitches, incomplete tetanus, and complete tetanus?  What are agonists, antagonists, and synergists?  Name the muscles that are part of the hamstring group.  Describe the overall function of the nervous system Describe the events occurring in Figure 3.19, p. 92 What are some properties of graded/local potentials? Refer to p. 434 • Name the regions of the body innervated by the phrenic and sciatic nerves • What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid? • Learn the mnemonic for cranial nerves on p. 533 • Compare and contrast the effects of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems on the circulatory system. Endocrine system • What are the differences between endocrine and exocrine glands? • What is the function of the antidiuretic hormone? Bios255 Cardiovascular system • Define the term hematocrit. How can hematocrit be increased? • With blood types, what do the positive and negative refer to? Explain what is occurring in Figure 18.15, p. 670 • Name the tunics (layers) of veins and arteries. What is the main component of each layer? • What is the function of blood colloid osmotic pressure in net reabsorption pressure?