Advanced Med Surg Exam 1 2023/2024 with 100% correct answers

What are the beta adrenergic receptors? correct answers-B1: inotropy (force of contraction), dromotropy (speed of conduction), chronotropy (heart rate) -B2: bronchodilation What are the normal heart sounds? Abnormal? correct answers-S1 (lub) -S2 (dub) -S3 is abnormal (sounds like Kentucky) "lub dub tee" -S4 (Tenessee) "tub lub dub" -Murmurs: either 1 (barely audible) or 4 (easily audible and associated with thrill) or 6 (can be heard with stethoscope off chest wall) What are risk factors of CAD? correct answers-nomodifiable risk factors -modifiable risk factors: elevated serum lipids -hypertension (140/90): stage 1, stage 2, prehypertension=JNC 7 (guidelines for monitoring BP), JNC 8 (updated guidelines) -tobacco use (secondhand smoke too) -physical inactivity -obesity -diabetes -metabolic syndrome -alcohol use What are the five risk components to metabolic syndrome (Syndrome x)? correct answers-wast circumference: greater/equal to 40 cm for males, 35 cm for females -triglycerides over 150 -HDL less than 40 for females, 50 for males -fasting blood sugar over 110