ISSA Personal Trainer Exam

True - T/F: Muscular, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic adaptations to exercise are known as the training effect. Homeostasis - The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal body environment through various processes is called: Basal metabolic rate - BMR stands for: True - T/F: Anabolism and catabolism occur at the same time throughout the body. True - T/F: A calorie is a unit of heat. True - T/F: One Calorie is the energy required to raise 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius. True - T/F: The preferred unit in metabolic studies and nutrition labels is the kilocalorie (kcal). fatty acids - The primary (not the 'initial') fuel during endurance exercise is: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - The molecule used for storing and transferring energy in the body is called: False - T/F: The ATP/CP pathway is the primary pathway used for activities lasting two minutes or greater. True - T/F: About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous. Supplying oxygen to the body, Eliminating carbon dioxide in the body, Helps regulate the body's pH balance - The respiratory system is responsible for:Heart, arteries, and veins - The circulatory system consists of: Peripheral nervous system Central nervous system - The nervous system is made up of the: True - T/F: Excretion is one function of the digestive system. Steroids, Amino acid derivatives, Peptides - Hormones are classified as: True - T/F: Hemoglobin is an oxygen-transporting protein in red blood cells. Alter the rate of synthesis of your cellular protein Change the rate of enzyme activity Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell membrane - The main purpose(s) of hormones is/are to: False - T/F: Tendons connect bone to bone. 206 bones - The average human adult skeleton has: Are extensions of muscle fibers, Connect muscle to bone - Tendons: Anterior and posterior - The anatomical terms for front and back are: True - T/F: Type I muscle fibers are predominantly aerobic. Mitochondrial adaptations - Cardiovascular/aerobic exercise results in:False - T/F: Type II muscle fibers are entirely aerobic. muscular hypertrophy - What is it called when there is an increase in muscle fiber size? False - T/F: In a concentric contraction, the muscle lengthens to produce movements. Kinesiology - What is the science or study of human movement, and the active and passive structures involved Isometric contraction - What type of contraction happens when a muscle does not lengthen or shorten as it contracts? True - T/F: True synergy occurs when a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another muscle. Triceps during a biceps curl - An example of an antagonist muscle is: False - T/F: Adduction is movement of a body part away from the midline of the body Concentric action of a bicep curl - An example of flexion is the: