RNSG 1216 Safe Medical Administration Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Pharmacologic Concepts - Answer Medication names (Chemical, generic, trade). Classification. (effects on body) Medication forms (medication route). pharmacokinetics Medication Actions - Answer absorption distribution metabolism excretion absorption - Answer Administration site to bloodstream distribution - Answer Bloodstream to tissues and organs metabolism - Answer Biotransformation occurs mainly in the liver excretion - Answer Exit the body. Occurs mainly through Kidneys Types of Medication Actions - Answer Therapeutic effects Side effects Adverse effects Toxic effects Idiosyncratic Reaction Tolerance Dependence Interaction Allergic Reactions Therapeutic effects - Answer Intended/Desired Side effects - Answer Secondary effects/predictable Adverse effects - Answer Undesirable/unintended/Unpredictable Toxic effects - Answer Excess Idiosyncratic Reaction - Answer Pt response Tolerance - Answer over time Dependence - Answer Psychological or physical addiction Interaction - Answer One med ↑ or ↓ effect of another med Allergic reaction - Answer Sensitized Immunologically Allergy Alert Info Prescriber's role (Physician, NP, PA, Dentist) - Answer Prescribes right med for right purpose (written, electronic, telephone, verbal orders) Pharmacist's role - Answer Ensures appropriate med ordered correctly and distributed to unit correctly Nurse's role - Answer Verifies medication before administration, determining medication ordered correctly, assessing patients, administering medications correctly, evaluating and patient teaching. Nursing Students cannot take any kind of med orders. Medication Administration cannot be delegated. Older Adult Doses - Answer Altered Pharmacokinetics/Polypharmacy Pediatric Doses-3x Higher risk for Med Error - Answer Use special Caution when calculating Age, weight, body system maturity affects ability to metabolize and excrete medication Usually based on weight (mg/kg)s the nursing process - Answer Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation assessment - Answer Physical Assessment Medication Allergies Current medications diagnosis - Answer identification of a disease planning - Answer Goal to ensure safe administration of meds Decrease distractions implementation - Answer Focus on safe and effective med preparation Accurate and timely administration 6 Rights and Med Checks Patient Education evaluation - Answer Monitor for effects (therapeutic effects, side effects or adverse reactions) Ask if symptoms relieved Observe site Evaluate understanding of therapy CPOE - Answer Computerized Provider Order Entry AMDS - Answer automated medication dispensing system bar coding - Answer Medical Record Number on patient's arm band linked with MAR for accuracy Automated Medication Dispensing Systems - Answer Variation of unit-dose and floor stock systems Secure Automatic documentation Aim is to reduce the chance of medication errors Bar coding Avoid distractions by - Answer Wearing a medication safety vest Use of visible medication preparation signs Medication administration checklists Staff and patient education Use of no interruption zones ensure med supplies are stocked reporting medical errors - Answer documentation is required. internal tool only. do NOT record the incident report report errors STAT. assess pt for safety Seven Parts of Complete Order - Answer Full name of the patient Date and time order is written Name of the drug Dosage of the drug Route of administration Frequency of administration Signature of the person writing the order Types of Orders in Acute Care Agencies - Answer Standing or routine prn Single (one-time) STAT Now Prescriptions Six Rights of Medication Administration - Answer 1. Right medication 2. Right dose 3. Right patient 4. Right route 5. Right time 6. Right documentation (go over this 3 times before giving medications) reconciling - Answer a way of saying that you checked that everything is correct right medication - Answer the medication given was the medication ordered Compare the Prescriber's Order with the MAR or eMar when medication is initially ordered Right Medication - Answer reconcile order and MAR right dose - Answer Check Prescriber's Order Reconcile Prescriber's Order with MAR Compare Medication Labels with MAR Dosage calculation Right Patient - Answer two identifiers: Patient's Full Name and Date of Birth Barcode Right Route - Answer Know the correct route of administration by which the drug should be given right time - Answer at the correct time; no later than the specified time Daily Scheduled Medication Times - Answer check agency policy (0700, 0800, 0900) Bedtime Scheduled Medication Times - Answer 2100 bid Times - Answer 0900 & 2100 tid Times - Answer 0900, 1300 & 2100 qid times - Answer 0900,1300,1700 & 2100 q6h times - Answer 0600,1200, 1800 & 2400 q8h times - Answer 0600, 1400 & 2200 Patient and Family Teaching - Answer provide med teaching before giving medicine include family members evaluate teaching effectiveness Right Documentation - Answer improves communication and med safety Do not document medications until after they are given Draw a single straight line through time, include site and initials Drug Recording - Answer -record drug dose, route, time and site -document AFTER and sign and give credentials -record pt teaching and validation of his/her understanding drug reporting - Answer report adverse effects report med errors or near misses report pt refusal of medicine medication pre-admin - Answer 1. minimize distractions 2. good hand hygiene 3. compare prescribers order and MAR 4. compare label on meds with MAR 3 times 5. check meds and expiration 6. identify meds purpose/side effects/nursing implications, monitoring and teaching 7. med dosages/label medications 8. have a nurse verify insulin & heparin dosage and controlled drug waste 9. Review pre-administration assessments (Labs, Vital Signs). compare label on meds with MAR 3 times - Answer 1. When removing med from med drawer 2. Before preparing and before labeling 3. At bedside before administering med to patient