BIO 101 nvcc final EXAM TEST QUESTIONS ANSWRED CORRECTLY & VERIFIED

BIO 101 nvcc final EXAM TEST QUESTIONS ANSWRED CORRECTLY & VERIFIED What is an adaptation? A.a genetic change over time B.an increase in reproductive success by certain individuals C.a trait that is heritable and confers reproductive success D.differential reproductive success of a particular individual E. B & D - ANSWER C.a trait that is heritable and confers reproductive success In a population of dogs, long ears are dominant over short ears. If 50 of 200 dogs in a population have short ears, how many of the long-eared dogs are homozygous dominant? A. 25 B. 50 C. 75 D. 100 E. 60 - ANSWER B. 50 A population in which an extreme phenotype is favored undergoes ____ selection. A. disruptive B. directional C. stabilizing D. artificial E. polynomial - ANSWER B. directional Which statement illustrates Lamarck's theory on the mechanism of evolution? A. Fish with coloration that matches the river bottom they inhabit will survive to reproduce B. Plants that can survive in less light will become the dominant species in shaded areas C. Birds with bright colors will attract more mates and pass on the colorful plumage D. A man who routinely shaves the hair off his head will have sons who become bald E. Giraffes with longer necks survived and reproduced faster because they could reach a better food source - ANSWER D. A man who routinely shaves the hair off his head will have sons who become bald What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation? - ANSWER P+Q=1, p2+2pq+q2=1 Boa constrictors have tiny pelvic girdles and leg bones inside their bodies. Because these structures are nonfunctional "evolutionary baggage," they are called: A. convergent B. analogous C. maladaptive D. homologous E. vestigial - ANSWER E. vestigial Which of the following are vestigial structures? A. fish fins B. vertebral columns in snakes C. pelvic bones of whales D. wings of bats E. hoofs of horses - ANSWER C. pelvic bones of whales Humans still have body hair even though it is greatly reduced and serves little function. The hair is a(n): A. analogous structure B. homologous structure C. vestigial structure D. adaptation E. mutation - ANSWER C. vestigial structure The human upper arm bone (the humerus) is structurally similar to the upper wing bone of a bat. The structural similarity is an example of: A. analogous structures B. homologous structures C. vestigial structures D. adaptation E. mutation - ANSWER B. homologous structures Sea squirts and lampreys, which are both aquatic animals, have a perforated pharynx, a ventral heart, and a notochord at some stage of development. These similarities are BEST explained by: A. artificial selection B. inheritance of acquired characteristics C. a common ancestry D. uniformitarianism E. the "Ladder of Nature - AN