Hepatic & Biliary NCLEX Questions with complete solutions.

Hepatic & Biliary NCLEX Questions with complete solutions. The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Which assessment findings indicate that the client has deficient vitamin K absorption caused by this hepatic disease? A) Ascites and orthopnea B) Dyspnea and fatigue C) Purpura and petechiae D) Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy - correct answers.C) Purpura and petechiae A hepatic disorder, such as cirrhosis, may disrupt the liver's normal use of vitamin K to produce prothrombin (a clotting factor). Consequently, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of bleeding, including purpura and petechiae. Dyspnea and fatigue suggest anemia. Ascites and orthopnea are unrelated to vitamin K absorption. Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy result from decreased estrogen metabolism by the diseased liver. A client with a history of alcohol abuse comes to the emergency department and complains of abdominal pain. Laboratory studies help confirm a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The client's vital signs are stable, but the client's pain is worsening and radiating to his back. Which intervention takes priority for this client? A) Maintaining nothing-by-mouth (NPO) status B) Providing mouth care D) Administering morphine I.V. as ordered D) Placing the client in a semi-Fowler's position - correct answers.D) Administering morphine I.V. as ordered The nurse should address the client's pain issues first by administering morphine I.V. as ordered. Placing the client in a Semi-Fowler's position, maintaining NPO status, and providing mouth care don't take priority over addressing the client's pain issues. A client with pancreatitis is admitted to the medical intensive care unit. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate? A) Providing the client with plenty of P.O. fluids B) Reserving an antecubital site for a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) C) Limiting I.V. fluid intake according to the physician's order D) Providing generous servings at mealtime - correct answers.B) Reserving an antecubital site for a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) Pancreatitis treatment typically involves resting the GI tract by maintaining nothing-by-mouth status. The nurse should reserve the antecubital site for a PICC, which enables the client to receive long-term total parenteral nutrition. Clients in the acute stages of pancreatitis also require large volumes