Multiple Sclerosis Questions and Answers Already Passed

Multiple Sclerosis Questions and Answers Already Passed Which represents the number of people affected with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States? 400,000 Which geographical location has the maximum prevalence of multiple sclerosis? temperate zones Which viral infection is associated with the development of MS? EBV(Epstein-Barr virus) Which neuroglial cell is affected by MS? Oligodendrocyte Which process is a key to the manifestations experienced in multiple sclerosis? Demyelination Which statement accurately describes gliosis? Gliosis is a process by which glial scar tissue replaces damaged tissue in the CNS, leading to hard sclerotic plaques In multiple sclerosis, which cells are responsible for mediating the immune response? T cells Where in the brain will glial scar tissue develop during the course of multiple sclerosis? white matter Steady deterioration of neurologic functioning primary progressive (PPMS) Periods of exacerbations followed by periods of recovery Relapsing-Remitting (RRMS) Initial relapse/remission period followed by chronic worsening of symptoms secondary-progressive (SPMS) Symptoms worsen from onset; infrequent remissions without total recovery progressive relapsing (PRMS) Which clinical manifestations are commonly seen in individuals with multiple sclerosis? ataxia, dysarthria, paresthesia Which symptoms are indicative of demyelination of nerve fibers in the cerebellum? muscle tremors, balance problems Which visual disturbances are commonly seen in individuals with multiple sclerosis? diplopia, scotoma, loss of vision Which factors have the potential to influence the fatigue experienced with multiple sclerosis? heat and humidity, deconditioning, medication side effects When would an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus have the most influence on the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? If infected after puberty Which statements are indicative of the risk factors for MS? Epstein-Barr viral infection, parent or sibling with the disease Which population of individuals are the most frequently affected by MS? European descent Which aspect of demyelination is specifically depicted in the image? loss of axon function List the processes in the development of MS in their order of occurrence. Demyelination occurs. Inflammation takes place. Axon ceases to function. Formation of glial scar tissue takes place. Inflammation subsides. Why do symptoms disappear in the early stages of MS? Myelin has the ability to regenerate Which statements are accurate regarding nerve fibers that are affected by MS? motor nerves are affected, sensory nerves are affected, autonomic nerves are affected, plaques occur on the nerve fibers in diffuse patches Which statement describes a positive Lhermitte's sign? an electric shock running down the spine upon flexion of the neck Which statements are true regarding the effects of pregnancy upon MS? in the postpartum period, women are at increased risk for relapse, some patients see longer periods of remission during pregnancy, during pregnancy, some patients may see improvement in their symptoms Which statements are true regarding the effects of MS on cognitive functioning? 50% of patients will experience problems with short-term memory loss, patients with cognitive impairment often have issues with attention span and processing information, MS patients can experience serious cognitive impairment that interferes with performing activities of daily living