Chapter 30 - Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology (ENT) Exam Complete Solution

Chapter 30 - Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology (ENT) Exam Complete Solution A+ What is cataracts? - Ans-clouding of the lens Specialist who treats disorders of the ears, nose, and throat? - Ans-Otolaryngologist (ENT Physician) Symptoms of cataracts? - Ans-Gradual blurring and loss of vision over months as the clouding of the lens slowly progresses. What is a snellen chart? - Ans-an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity. stye (or hordeolum) - Ans-Infection of any of the lacrimal glands of the eyelids, causing redness, swelling, and pain. What causative infectious organism is involved with a stye - Ans-staphylococcus aureus, a microorganism commonly found on the skin Conjunctivitis - Ans-Also called pinkeye, an infection of the mucous membrane covering the sclera and cornea. What is prescribed for conjunctivitis? - Ans-Antibiotic Ophthalmic drops. Corneal Ulcer - Ans-Erosion of the surface of the cornea, leaving scar tissue that may lead to visual disturbances or blindness. Retinopathy - Ans-disease of the retina What is the cause of retinopathy? - Ans-The cause includes atherosclerosis that impedes blood flow to the retina. How is retinopathy diagnosed? - Ans-eye examination and fluorescein angiography. Glaucoma - Ans-increased intraocular pressure What is the cause of glaucoma? - Ans-Any pathology that impedes the outflow of aqueous humor will increase the pressure, either gradually or suddenly. Treatment of glaucoma includes? - Ans-Medication, often a diuretic, to decrease intraocular pressure by slowing the formation of aqueous humor within the eyes or by improving the flow. Hyperopia - Ans-farsightedness Myopia - Ans-nearsightedness CONTIUES...