NURS 201 QUIZ 1 – CANCER AND GERONTOLOGY
Description of cancer Uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells
Abnormal cell growth and defective cell
differentiation
Know health promotion and cancer -Reversing activity of promoters
prevention -Reduce or avoid exposure to carcinogens
-Eat balanced diet, avoid alcohol
-Exercise, healthy weight
-Eliminate stressors
-Regular physical exam
-Cancer screening, self exams
-Chemoprevention, immunizations
Screening prevention: ATI p. 569 -Mammogram – every year for women >40
- Papanicolaou test, colonoscopy, -Breast exam – every year for women >40
mammogram, fecal occult blood, PSA, CEA -Colonoscopy – starting at 50 and every 10 yr
-Fecal occult – every year for all adults
- Papanicolaou – pap smear, every 3 yrs for
women >21
-PSA and CEA – blood test, checks biomarkers
in embryonic cells
Etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors of -Age, immune system, tissue trauma, race
cancer (Caucasian), genetics, exposure to chemicals,
alcohol and tobacco, viruses, diet, sun, UV,
radiation, sexual lifestyle, poverty, obesity,
GERD, chronic disease, air pollution
Staging of Cancer: clinical staging (Stage I to 1 – evidence of tumor, limited to tissue of
Stage IV) and prognosis origin
2 – bigger tumor, limited local spread
3 – extensive local and regional spread, in
lymph nodes
4 – metastasis
Seven warning signs of cancer: ATI p. 575 C – change in bowel or bladder habits
- acronym CAUTION A – a sore that doesn’t heal
U – unusual bleeding or discharge
T – thickening or lump
I – indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O – obvious change in warts or moles
N – nagging cough or hoarseness
chemotherapy: define Cytotoxic meds that damage a cells DNA or
destroy rapidly dividing cells
Complications/adverse effects of Myelosuppression (decreased bone marrow
chemotherapy activity) inhibited bone marrow production of
This study source was downloaded by 100000812546443 from CourseHero.com on 11-21-2023 13:18:43 GMT -06:00
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, WBCs, RBCs and platelets
- Immunosuppression/neutropenia High risk of infection due to bone marrow
(neutropenic precautions [ATI P. 581]; suppression
nursing considerations, pt. education) -precautions: have them stay in room or wear
a mask, avoid sources of infection (plants),
hand hygiene, few visitors, avoid invasive
procedures, have dedicated equipment,
colony stimulating factors (filgrastim) for
WBC production
-considerations: monitor temp, skin, obtain
cultures, monitor ANC, neutropenic
precautions
-education: avoid crowds, take temp daily,
avoid foods with bacteria, yard work, fluids
sitting at room temp for 1 hr, wash dishes in
hot soapy water, wash toothbrush daily
- anemia (nursing considerations) Low RBCs
-considerations: monitor fatigue, frequent
rest, take erythropoietic meds, monitor Hgb
- thrombocytopenia (nursing Low platelet count
considerations, pt. education) -considerations: monitor for bruising or
excessive bleeding, bleeding precautions (no
IVs or injections, give thrombopoietics
-education: instruct how to manage bleeding,
prevent bleeding by use of electric razor, soft
toothbrush, avoid NSAIDs, prevent injury
- alopecia (nursing considerations, pt. Hair loss
education) -considerations: self-image, hats, wigs, occurs
7-10 days after treatment begins, hair will
grow back about 1 month after treatment
-education: avoid hair damaging products,
cut hair short before treatment, after hair
loss protect scalp with sunscreen and
ointment
- mucositis, -inflammation of mucous lining from mouth
- stomatitis to stomach
(define, nursing considerations, pt. -inflammation of tissues in the oral cavity
education) -considerations: examine mouth and look for
lesions, avoid glycerin based mouthwash, use
topical anesthetic before meals, offer oral
hygiene before and after meals
-education: rinse mouth with NaCl solution,
gentle flossing and brushing, take meds to
This study source was downloaded by 100000812546443 from CourseHero.com on 11-21-2023 13:18:43 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/30660472/NURS-201-quiz-1-study-guidedocx/
Description of cancer Uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells
Abnormal cell growth and defective cell
differentiation
Know health promotion and cancer -Reversing activity of promoters
prevention -Reduce or avoid exposure to carcinogens
-Eat balanced diet, avoid alcohol
-Exercise, healthy weight
-Eliminate stressors
-Regular physical exam
-Cancer screening, self exams
-Chemoprevention, immunizations
Screening prevention: ATI p. 569 -Mammogram – every year for women >40
- Papanicolaou test, colonoscopy, -Breast exam – every year for women >40
mammogram, fecal occult blood, PSA, CEA -Colonoscopy – starting at 50 and every 10 yr
-Fecal occult – every year for all adults
- Papanicolaou – pap smear, every 3 yrs for
women >21
-PSA and CEA – blood test, checks biomarkers
in embryonic cells
Etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors of -Age, immune system, tissue trauma, race
cancer (Caucasian), genetics, exposure to chemicals,
alcohol and tobacco, viruses, diet, sun, UV,
radiation, sexual lifestyle, poverty, obesity,
GERD, chronic disease, air pollution
Staging of Cancer: clinical staging (Stage I to 1 – evidence of tumor, limited to tissue of
Stage IV) and prognosis origin
2 – bigger tumor, limited local spread
3 – extensive local and regional spread, in
lymph nodes
4 – metastasis
Seven warning signs of cancer: ATI p. 575 C – change in bowel or bladder habits
- acronym CAUTION A – a sore that doesn’t heal
U – unusual bleeding or discharge
T – thickening or lump
I – indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O – obvious change in warts or moles
N – nagging cough or hoarseness
chemotherapy: define Cytotoxic meds that damage a cells DNA or
destroy rapidly dividing cells
Complications/adverse effects of Myelosuppression (decreased bone marrow
chemotherapy activity) inhibited bone marrow production of
This study source was downloaded by 100000812546443 from CourseHero.com on 11-21-2023 13:18:43 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/30660472/NURS-201-quiz-1-study-guidedocx/
, WBCs, RBCs and platelets
- Immunosuppression/neutropenia High risk of infection due to bone marrow
(neutropenic precautions [ATI P. 581]; suppression
nursing considerations, pt. education) -precautions: have them stay in room or wear
a mask, avoid sources of infection (plants),
hand hygiene, few visitors, avoid invasive
procedures, have dedicated equipment,
colony stimulating factors (filgrastim) for
WBC production
-considerations: monitor temp, skin, obtain
cultures, monitor ANC, neutropenic
precautions
-education: avoid crowds, take temp daily,
avoid foods with bacteria, yard work, fluids
sitting at room temp for 1 hr, wash dishes in
hot soapy water, wash toothbrush daily
- anemia (nursing considerations) Low RBCs
-considerations: monitor fatigue, frequent
rest, take erythropoietic meds, monitor Hgb
- thrombocytopenia (nursing Low platelet count
considerations, pt. education) -considerations: monitor for bruising or
excessive bleeding, bleeding precautions (no
IVs or injections, give thrombopoietics
-education: instruct how to manage bleeding,
prevent bleeding by use of electric razor, soft
toothbrush, avoid NSAIDs, prevent injury
- alopecia (nursing considerations, pt. Hair loss
education) -considerations: self-image, hats, wigs, occurs
7-10 days after treatment begins, hair will
grow back about 1 month after treatment
-education: avoid hair damaging products,
cut hair short before treatment, after hair
loss protect scalp with sunscreen and
ointment
- mucositis, -inflammation of mucous lining from mouth
- stomatitis to stomach
(define, nursing considerations, pt. -inflammation of tissues in the oral cavity
education) -considerations: examine mouth and look for
lesions, avoid glycerin based mouthwash, use
topical anesthetic before meals, offer oral
hygiene before and after meals
-education: rinse mouth with NaCl solution,
gentle flossing and brushing, take meds to
This study source was downloaded by 100000812546443 from CourseHero.com on 11-21-2023 13:18:43 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/30660472/NURS-201-quiz-1-study-guidedocx/
