Certified Prevention Specialist CPS 184 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

Certified Prevention Specialist CPS 184 Questions with Verified Answers Prevention strategies, activities, or approaches that have been shown through research and evaluation to be effective in the prevention and/or delay of substance use or abuse. - CORRECT ANSWER Best Practices Data that already exists and that are maintained by an organization or entity. Typically, this refers to collected data repositories maintained by state agencies, such as Highway Patrol (for DUI accidents and fatalities), Health Services (for AOD related hospitalizations), and Treatment admissions for AOD substance use problems. - CORRECT ANSWER Archival Data The term "_______" refers to the various types and levels of resources that an individual, organization, or collaborative has at its disposal to meet the implementation demands of specific interventions. - CORRECT ANSWER Capacity A capacity building process through which a community of individuals, organizations, policy makers, or governmental representatives plans, carries out, and evaluates activities on a participating basis to improve health or other needs. It empowers individuals and groups to take some kind of action to facilitate change based on needs they have identified. Communities may initiate the process themselves or maybe motivated by outsiders to act. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Mobilization The formal names given to community mobilization types of efforts. All share a common theme: a group of individuals and/or agencies agreeing to work together for a common purpose. They may vary in formality, size, and composition. To be most effective, these community mobilizing efforts should have a membership that reflects the broader community. Cultural awareness and sensitivity are hallmarks of successful community mobilizing efforts. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Partnerships Collaboratives Coalitions The extent to which a community is adequately prepared to implement a substance abuse prevention program. The underlying premise of community readiness is change in AOD use cannot occur if there exists a high level of community denial about this problem. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Readiness This refers to an ability to interact effectively with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. It comprises of four components: 1) Awareness of one's cultural world view, 2) Attitudes towards cultural differences, 3) Knowledge and awareness of different cultural practices, beliefs and world views, and 4) Possessing cross-cultural skills. - CORRECT ANSWER Cultural Competence (Awareness) _____represents the "values, norms, and traditions that affect how individuals of a particular group perceived, think, interact, behave, and make judgment about the world." Chamberlain (2005). - CORRECT ANSWER Culture This term applies to replicating a program model or strategy. To have "_______," the program needs to be implemented with the same specifications of the original program. ______can be balanced with adaptation to meet local needs. - CORRECT ANSWER Fidelity Broad, future oriented action statements to be achieved by a program. Neither dates nor responsibilities are included. A program may have multiple (1 to 5), but not so many as to confuse staff and the general community. - CORRECT ANSWER Goal Statements Findings about effective prevention programs as identified through research. - CORRECT ANSWER Guiding Principles A planning tool that enables a group or its manager to identify, among other things, the strategies, best practices, guiding principles, and evaluation plan. This can contribute to the establishment of direction and clarity of vision for the implementation group. - CORRECT ANSWER Implementation Plan Those programs and strategies designed to target specific individuals at risk for substance abuse problems. - CORRECT ANSWER Indicated A variable that relates directly to some part of a program goal or objective. Positive change on an indicator is presumed to show progress in accomplishing the larger program objective. - CORRECT ANSWER Indicator An approach, since adopted by CSAP and the prevention field that: 1) view prevention as part of an overall continuum of services, concluding with treatment; 2) identifies three levels of prevention: universal, selected, and indicated that refers to populations at varying levels of risk involving substances which in turn dictates that level and type of prevention services appropriate for the level of risk evident in the various population groupings. - CORRECT ANSWER Institution of Medicine (IOM) Model Narrative or graphical depictions of processes in real life that communicate the underlying assumptions upon which an activity is expected to lead to a specific result. Logic models illustrate a sequence of cause-and-effect relationships - a systems approach to communicate the path toward a desired result. - CORRECT ANSWER Logic Model The broadcast statement of intent for an organization. They should be brief and to the point. They do not include dates or assign responsibility. There is only one mission statement for a program. - CORRECT ANSWER Mission Statement A systematic process for examining the current conditions and identifying the level of risk and protection within a community. It should also include the documentation of resources available in the community to address the problem areas. - CORRECT ANSWER Needs Assessment Statements that, minimally, have four main qualities that distinguish them from goals or mission statements. They are: 1) specific, 2) measurable, 3) achievable, and 4) timebound. - CORRECT ANSWER Objective Statements Used in the development of the logic model. They specify the expected results, short-term, intermediate, and long-term. They identify ways in which the participants in the prevention intervention could be expected to change by the conclusion of the service (e.g., change in behaviors, reduced consumption levels, etc.). - CORRECT ANSWER Outcome Benchmarks Refers to the type of substance, amount, and frequency of use. At times, the place/occasion of use is also noted. This information is typically picked up in individually administered surveys. - CORRECT ANSWER Patterns of Consumption As defined by SAMHSA, "A proactive process that empowers individuals and systems to meet the challenges of life events and transitions by creating and reinforcing conditions that promote healthy behaviors and lifestyles." - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention Information that is difficult to measure, count, or express in numerical terms and is therefore often presented in narrative forms. This type of research typically uses observation, interviewing, open ended responses, and document review to collect data. - CORRECT ANSWER Qualitative Data Information that is reported in numerical form such as substance use rates, number of people attending a program, or number of alcohol related deaths. The strength of this data is their use in testing hypotheses and determining the strength and direction of effects. - CORRECT ANSWER Quantitative Data In the public health model, this is the AOD substance of concern causing harm to the individual (e.g., tobacco, alcohol, other drug). This acts directly on the "host" (individual) and is influenced by the "environment" (community, culture, norms settings, politics, and values). - CORRECT ANSWER Agent This approach to substance abuse prevention is based on the assumption that involving high-risk youth in activities that are free of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs will occupy their leisure time with pro-social activities and allow them to make friends with more social peers. These approaches fall into several broad categories: Athletic; Recreational Alternatives; Adventure Oriented; Cultural Specific Models; Aimed at High-Risk; Entrepreneurial; Community Service; Creative; Artistic; and Drop-in Centers. - CORRECT ANSWER Alternative Activities A widely used framework created by Search Institute, which includes relationships, opportunities, skills, values, and commitments children and adolescents need to grow up healthy, caring, and responsible. The research-based framework is organized into two types of assets. External assets refer to the support and opportunities that are provided by family, friends, organizations, and communities. The internal assets focus on the capacities, skills, and values that young people need to internalize as part of developing their character, identity, and life skills. - CORRECT ANSWER Asset Development Model Strategies that aim to enhance the ability of the community to more effectively provide prevention and treatment services for substance abuse. Services in this strategy include organizing, planning, and enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of services implementation, interagency collaboration, coalition building, and networking. - CORRECT ANSWER Community-Based Processes The attitudes toward policies about drug use and crime that a community holds. They are communicated in a variety of ways: through laws and written policies; through informal social practices; and through the expectations that parents and other members of the community have of young people. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Norms CSAP Strategies - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Information Dissemination 2) Prevention Education 3) Alternative Activities 4) Problem Identification and Referral 5) Community-Based Processes 6) Environmental Approaches. Behavior by adolescents (younger than 18) that is antisocial or in violation of the law. - CORRECT ANSWER Delinquency In the public health model, what represents the broader context in which the "agent" interacts with the "host." In AOD planning, this would includes the community, culture, norms, laws and regulation that affect the distribution and availability of the "agent" (e.g., tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs). By changing the this it is expected that changes will occur with the "agent's" availability leading to reduced problems with the "host" (individual). - CORRECT ANSWER Environment Created by Search Institute, these are provided by the family, school, and community. They are Support: Family support, Positive family communication, Other adult relationships, Caring neighborhood/community, Caring school climate, and Parent involvement in school; Empowerment: Community values youth, Youth given useful roles, Youth volunteers in the community, and Safety; Boundaries and expectations: Family boundaries, School boundaries, Neighborhood/Community boundaries, Adult role models, Positive peer influence, and High expectations; and Constructive use of time: Creative and cultural activities, Youth programs, Religious community, and Time at home. - CORRECT ANSWER External Assets In the Public Health Model, who is the individual or person affected by the public health problem (e.g., the "agent"; for prevention - alcohol, tobacco and other drugs). - CORRECT ANSWER Host One of CSAP's Six Prevention Strategies that includes providing information about the nature and extent of drug use, abuse, and addiction and the effects on individuals, families, and communities. It also includes information about the availability of prevention services. A characteristic of this strategy is a one-way communication mechanism. - CORRECT ANSWER Information Dissemination Created by Search Institute, the values, commitments, competencies, and self-perceptions to be nurtured in every young person. They are: Commitment to learning: Achievement motivation, School engagement, Homework, Bonding to school, and Reading for pleasure; Positive values: Caring, Equality and social justice, Integrity, Honesty, Responsibility, and Restraint; Social skills: Planning and decision-making, Interpersonal skills, Cultural competence, Resistance skills, and Peaceful conflict resolution; Positive identity: Personal power, Self-esteem, Sense of purpose, and Positive view of personal future. - CORRECT ANSWER Internal Assets A behavior or belief that is commonly held by managing a community. It is often the focus of community-based prevention efforts (e.g., use of designated driver targeted a perception held by many, but not all, that drinking and driving was an acceptable behavior). - CORRECT ANSWER Norms A theory that empirically states that if certain conditions are present, a probable outcome may result. - CORRECT ANSWER Predictive Theory One of CSAP's Six Prevention Strategies that involves two-way communication, generally a facilitator/educator, and a group of learners (participants). Examples include classroom presentations, parenting and family management classes, and groups for children of substance abusers. - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention Education One of CSAP's Six Prevention Strategies that aims to identify those who have engaged in drug use in order to determine whether their behavior can be reversed through education (e.g., Student Assistance Programs [SAP]), or whether they need a referral for a chemical dependency assessment. Examples include DUI education programs or SAPs. - CORRECT ANSWER Problem Identification and Referral Factors, identified by Hawkins and Catalano, counter risks; the more protective factors are present, the less is the risk. Protective factors fall into three basic categories: individual characteristics, bonding, and healthy beliefs and clear standards. - CORRECT ANSWER Protective Factors This prevention model is based on the interaction of the "host" (individual or person), the "agent" (tobacco, alcohol or other drugs), and the "environment" (community setting, values, or policies). - CORRECT ANSWER Public Health Model of Prevention Factors shown to increase the likelihood of adolescent substance abuse, teenage pregnancy, school drop-out, youth violence, and delinquency. - CORRECT ANSWER Risk Factors Resilience is the ability of an individual to cope with or overcome the negative effects of "risk" factors or to "bounce-back" from a problem (e.g., substance abuse). - CORRECT ANSWER Resilience Werner et al. contend that these are factors that protect or buffer people against social problems or risk factors. There are three clusters of factors present in resilient youths: 1) positive dispositional attributes, 2) affectionate ties with an adult parental substance, and 3) having an external support system. - CORRECT ANSWER Resiliency Factors A strategy used to educate or communicate healthy behaviors as practiced by a majority of the public or selected group (e.g., rather than state 25% of high school seniors binge drink every month, a social norms approach would highlight the fact that 75% of our seniors do not engage in monthly binge drinking). - CORRECT ANSWER Social Norms Marketing Acts against a person or people that involve physical harm or the threat of physical harm. - CORRECT ANSWER Violence The Social Learning Theory was developed by: A) Erik Erikson. B) Abraham Maslow. C) Albert Bandura. D) David Hawkins and Richard Catalano. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Albert Bandura The CLOSEST description of the Asset Development Model is one that: A) Incorporates risk and protective factors. B) Was developed by the Search Institute and identifies 40 assets. C) Focuses only on resiliency factors. D) Identifies developmental tasks by various age groupings. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Was developed by the Search Institute and identifies 40 assets. Prevention strategy that provides information about the nature of drug use, abuse, addiction and the effects on individuals, families and communities. It also provides information of available prevention programs and services. The dissemination of information is characterized by one-way communication from the source to the audience, with limited contact between the two. - CORRECT ANSWER Information Dissemination A Youth Development Approach is best characterized as: A) Policies and procedures a youth program can do to promote youth development. B) A focus on protective factors. C) A focus on adolescent risk factors. D) Mentor relationships. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Policies and procedures a youth program can do to promote youth development. 1) Trust, which he linked to positive emotional relationships with caring adults 2) A strong sense of self-sufficiency 3) Ability to exercise initiative 4) Confidence in one's ability to master skills and navigate one's world 5) A well-formed sense of personal identity 6) A desire to be productive and contributing for future generations 7) The ability to experience true intimacy 8) A strong sense of personal integrity - CORRECT ANSWER Erikson's Stages of Development The Five Cs - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Competence, 2) Confidence, 3) Connection, 4) Character, and 5) Caring or Compassion SOS Structure - CORRECT ANSWER Services, Opportunities, and Supports Focuses on activities that nurture developmental assets rather than on reducing particular risks or preventing specific problems. - CORRECT ANSWER Youth Development Model The condition that builds resilience to buffer negative effects (e.g., poverty, drug-abusing environment) are called: A) Support Factors. B) Universal Factors. C) Resilient Factors. D) Protective Factors. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Protective Factors. Prevention strategy that involves two-way communication and is distinguished from merely disseminating information by the fact that it is based on an interaction between the educator and the participants. Activities under this strategy aim to affect critical life and social skills, including decision-making, refusal skills and critical analysis (e.g. of media messages). - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention Education Prevention strategy that provides for the participation of the target populations in activities that exclude drug use. The assumption is that because constructive and healthy activities offset the attraction to drugs, or otherwise meet the needs usually filled by drugs, then the population would avoid using drugs. - CORRECT ANSWER Alternative Activities Prevention strategy that aims to enhance the ability of the community to more effectively provide prevention and treatment services for drug abuse disorders. Activities in this strategy include organizing, planning, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of service implementation, building coalitions and networking. - CORRECT ANSWER Community-Based Processes Prevention that seeks to establish or change community standards, codes and attitudes, thereby influencing the incidence and Prevalence of drug abuse in the general population. - CORRECT ANSWER Environmental Approaches Prevention strategy that aims to identify those who have indulged in the illegal use of drugs in order to assess if their behavior can be reversed through education. It should be noted, however, that this strategy does not include any activity designed to determine if an individual is in need of treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER Problem Identification and Referral Examples of methods used for the strategy Problem Identification and Referral - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Driving-while-intoxicated Education Programs 2) Employee Assistance Programs 3) Student Assistance Programs 4) Teen Courts Examples of methods used for the strategy Environmental Approaches - CORRECT ANSWER 1) The Establishment and Review of Drug Policies in Schools 2) Technical assistance to communities to maximize local enforcement procedures governing the availability and distribution of drugs 3) The Review and Modification of Alcohol and Tobacco Advertising Practices 4) Product Pricing Strategies 5) Social Norms Strategies 6) Media Literacy Examples of methods used for the strategy Community-Based Processes - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Community and Volunteer Training (e.g. neighborhood action training, training of key people in the system) 2) Systematic Planning 3) Multi-Agency Coordination and Collaboration 4) Accessing Service and Funding 5) Community Team-Building Examples of methods used for the strategy Alternative Activities - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Drug-free Social and Recreational Activities 2) Drug-free Dances and Parties 3) Youth and Adult Leadership Activities 4) Community Drop-in Centers 5) Community Service Activities 6) Mentoring Programs Examples of methods used for the strategy Prevention Education - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Classroom and Small Group Sessions 2) Parenting and Family Management Classes 3) Peer Leader and Peer Helper Programs 4) Education Programs for Youth Groups 5) Groups for Children of Substance Abusers Examples of methods used for the strategy Dissemination of Information - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Clearinghouse and other information resource centers 2) Resource Directories 3) Media Campaigns 4)Brochures 5) Radio and Television Public Service Announcements 6) Speaking Engagements 7) Health Fairs Selective - CORRECT ANSWER Those programs and strategies designed to target specific groups at greater risk for AOD substance abuse problems (e.g. school dropouts, foster youths, incarcerated youths, children of alcoholics). Which of the following is NOT an example of a resiliency factor? A) Ability to obtain positive attention. B) Desire to achieve. C) Favorable community. D) Positive adult role models. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Favorable community. An example of an effective environmental approach to substance abuse prevention is: A) School-based curriculum highlighting community risks. B) Server intervention training. C) Program serving student drop-outs. D) Mass media campaign on meth addiction issues. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Server intervention training. Problem Identification and referral: A) Involves treatment options. B) Provides targeted educational options (e.g., DUI classes). C) Involves vulnerable populations. D) Focuses on resiliency factors. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Provides targeted educational options (e.g., DUI classes). Which of the following is NOT one of the broad six CSAP strategies? A) Alternative Activities. B) Community-Based Processes. C) Constructive Use of Time. D) Environmental Approaches. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Constructive Use of Time. Your needs assessment process identified a high-rate of alcohol consumption problems among adolescent females. You should: A) Consider a universal prevention approach. B) Consider a youth development approach. C) Consider a selective prevention approach. D) Implement an asset development approach. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Consider a selective prevention approach. Common attributes of resilient children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) A young person feels he or she has control over "things that happen to me." B) A young person has low tolerance for dealing with frustration. C) A young person experiences caring neighbors and adults they can trust. D) A young person places high value on helping others. - CORRECT ANSWER B) A young person has low tolerance for dealing with frustration. A way the media can be used to educate and inform is through: A) Parenting skills classes. B) After school programming. C) PTA meetings. D) Opinion Editorials. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Opinion Editorials. This Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) strategy aims to identify those who indulge in illegal or age-inappropriate use of tobacco or alcohol or illicit drugs in order to reverse their behavior in the early stages. A) Information Dissemination. B) Prevention Education. C) AOD Intervention. D) Problem Identification and Referral. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Problem Identification and Referral An example of an Information Dissemination approach would be: A) Classroom presentation on the dangers of illegal drugs. B) Mass media campaign on methamphetamine addiction. C) Server intervention training workshops. D) Student Assistance Programs. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Mass media campaign on methamphetamine addiction. The Prevention Specialist often encounters the following roles, EXCEPT: A) Technical assistance and training. B) Group facilitation. C) Community mobilization. D) Intervention work. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Intervention work. Which of the following approaches best reflects use of an IOM Indicated approach? A) Classroom presentation on the dangers of illegal drugs. B) Mass media campaign on methamphetamine addiction. C) Server intervention training workshops. D) Student Assistance Programs. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Student Assistance Programs. Which of the following is NOT one of the broad six CSAP strategies? A) School Assistance Programs. B) Community-Based Process. C) Environmental Approach. D) Prevention Education. - CORRECT ANSWER A) School Assistance Programs. The principles that acknowledge that the learning experience for adults differs greatly from that experience by younger learners. To be effective with this population requires an understanding of these differences, including adults want to know why they should learn, are practical, bring experience to learning, are ready to learn when the occasion calls for it, and are task-oriented. - CORRECT ANSWER Adult Learning Principles A legal device that provides the creator (art, music, document, literature) the right to control how the work is used. - CORRECT ANSWER Copyright To possess the ability to serve individuals and communities in ways that demonstrate understanding, caring, and valuing the unique characteristics of those served. - CORRECT ANSWER Cultural Competency The knowledge, experience, values, ideas, attitudes, skills, tastes, and techniques that are passed on from more experienced members of a community to new members. - CORRECT ANSWER Culture The one who leads a group process to ensure: 1) a constructive discussion, 2) involvement of all members, and 3) team cohesiveness. A facilitator serves as a referee and does not take sides. - CORRECT ANSWER Facilitator Referring to the provision of assistance to an agency or organization requiring information to improve operational procedures. It can be done through written materials, telephone contact, email, or on-site visits. All topics and subjects can be addressed through this. - CORRECT ANSWER Technical Assistance The attitude and habit that MOST increases cultural sensitivity is: A) Leading. B) Demonstrating sympathy. C) Displaying concern. D) Working alongside. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Working alongside. Sam, a prevention specialist, is going to a new community and the culture of the community is not the same as his. What should he do first? A) Go to the community and ask to meet the community leaders. B) Review the literature and gather academic information about the community. C) Find a key informant. D) Assess the community's readiness. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Go to the community and ask to meet the community leaders. Copyright permission is only required for: A) Written materials. B) Songs. C) Videotapes. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. What is a characteristic of materials that cannot be copyrighted? A) Tangible. B) Minimally creative. C) Original. D) Public domain. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Public domain. Which of the following would NOT be reflective of a culturally competent approach on prevention planning? A) The organizational staff are encouraged to adopt the clothing styles and fashion of the population being served. B) The organizational staff reflects the ethnicity and diversity of the community. C) The organizational staff ensures publications are available in languages spoken in the community. D) The organizational staff experience diversity training. - CORRECT ANSWER A) The organizational staff are encouraged to adopt the clothing styles and fashion of the population being served. An approach to becoming culturally competent would include: I. Becoming fully aware of one's own cultural history. II. Becoming aware of how other cultures are portrayed in the media. III. Acknowledging the historical relationships of one's own cultural background with that of other cultural groups. A) I and III only. B) II and III only. C) III only. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. To be a good facilitator, you must NOT be: A) Flexible. B) Authoritative. C) Respectful. D) Confident. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Authoritative. As a facilitator in a community planning process, how would you get their buy-in? A) Ensure food is provided at the planning meeting. B) Get an announcement placed in the local newspaper. C) Involve them in the planning process. D) Get a PSA on local television. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Involve them in the planning process. In your role as a facilitator and Prevention Specialist, you would NOT: A) Select the prevention program approach for them. B) Assure a neutral position is a heated discussion. C) Make eye contact, as this is disrespectful. D) Summarize points, as this is boring. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Select the prevention program approach for them. In order to increase diverse community involvement in a coalition, you should: A) Present at the schools in the target communities. B) Use flyers in the desired communities. C) Use public events (e.g., fairs) to advertise your needs. D) Get coalition members to go directly to their targeted community and recruit potential members. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Get coalition members to go directly to their targeted community and recruit potential members. The transfer of culture from one ethnic group to others (usually from the dominant culture to minority culture[s]). - CORRECT ANSWER Acculturation The method by which information is communicated within the communication process. - CORRECT ANSWER Channel This is the area in which the six components of the process model of communication are occurring. - CORRECT ANSWER Communication Environment Spurring a community to take action. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Mobilization The extent to which a community is prepared to implement a prevention program, both in terms of personnel support and resources available. - CORRECT ANSWER Community Readiness Leadership style that focuses on assigning responsibilities to others and allowing them to follow-through independently. - CORRECT ANSWER Delegator Leadership style with an emphasis on empowering others to make decisions. - CORRECT ANSWER Developer Leadership style characterized by independent decision making, delegation of explicit roles to team members, close supervision, and valuing those team members who align with their goals. - CORRECT ANSWER Director The verbal and nonverbal responses to communication once the message has been conveyed. - CORRECT ANSWER Feedback The physiological transference of sound waves into auditory nerve impulses, such as when a siren goes off or a phone rings. - CORRECT ANSWER Hearing An overwhelming amount of information conveyed at any one time. - CORRECT ANSWER Information Overload Not just hearing but also processing the information conveyed. - CORRECT ANSWER Listening The information that the Sender is trying to communicate in the communication process. - CORRECT ANSWER Message Any impediment to a message's conveyance within the process model of communication. - CORRECT ANSWER Noise Leadership style where group members are engaged in the problem-solving process and the leader makes decisions based on input from group members. - CORRECT ANSWER Problem Solver The individual(s) who take in the message from the Sender that was conveyed through the communication channel. - CORRECT ANSWER Process Model of Communication The individual(s) who take in the message from the Sender that was conveyed through the communication channel. - CORRECT ANSWER Receiver In a communication process, this is the person conveying the information. - CORRECT ANSWER Sender The fear of public speaking. - CORRECT ANSWER Speech Anxiety Words with intense positive or negative connotations such that they block effective listening. - CORRECT ANSWER Trigger Words A prop or other image used to enhance a presentation, such as pictures, graphs, drawings, charts, videos, etc. - CORRECT ANSWER Visual aids Which of the following is a key to creating a culturally competent prevention program? A) Changing a prevention program to adjust to a community's specific characteristics. B) Understanding the geographic layout of the region and how the program fits within it. C) Working with the community, not just for the community, in prevention planning. D) Choosing the right program to fit the community. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Working with the community, not just for the community, in prevention planning. Before working in a community to implement prevention programming, what is an important first step? A) Learning as much information about the community as possible. B) Evaluating the community's current programming efforts. C) Informing community members of the best strategies to help them. D) Selecting the type of program you want to implement. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Learning as much information about the community as possible. What is a good way to gather information about a community? A) Experts. B) Library research. C) Personal observation. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. What is a critical component program planners must establish to achieve community "buy-in" to the prevention program? A) Relationship building with community members. B) Respect from community members as a professional. C) Authority from community members as an expert. D) Understanding by community members of the importance of the program. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Relationship building with community members. What characteristic would make a good potential prevention programming community leader? A) A positive role model. B) A new leader in the community. C) Youth. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. When is it appropriate to engage community members in the program evaluation process? A) During the evaluation design portion, but not the data collection portion. B) For data collection purposes only, because they can use their connections in the community. C) All the way through. D) Not at all, since their presence may bias evaluation results. - CORRECT ANSWER C) All the way through. What are some examples of team building activities? A) Retreats to form relationships. B) Social gatherings. C) "Getting to know you" activities. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. Which of the following is NOT a component of the process model of communication? A) Sender. B) Participant. C) Noise. D) Channel. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Participant. Which of the following is NOT an important role listening plays for the prevention professional? A) Listening is the majority of any communication exchange. B) Listening ensures the prevention professional also has ample opportunity to talk. C) Listening can help a prevention professional become a better group facilitator. D) Listening helps a prevention professional gain a better understanding of the community in which they are working. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Listening ensures the prevention professional also has ample opportunity to talk. What is the difference between hearing and listening? A) Hearing happens individually, while listening occurs in a pair or group. B) Hearing is receiving sound waves, while listening is processing the information conveyed. C) Listening is passive, while hearing is active. D) Listening and hearing cannot occur at the same time. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Hearing is receiving sound waves, while listening is processing the information conveyed. Information overload is a barrier to effective listening because: A) The receiver gets too much information at one time. B) The audience member does not have a chance to respond. C) The receiver is forced to hear the speaker talk for too long. D) The audience member is unable to talk to their peers about what they are learning. - CORRECT ANSWER A) The receiver gets too much information at one time. Which of the following is NOT a way to improve listening skills: A) Take notes. B) Hold back biases. C) Pay attention to nonverbal cues, as well. D) Record the speech to review later. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Record the speech to review later. When do visual aids NOT enhance a presentation: A) When they are distracting. B) When they show a point made during the presentation in greater detail. C) When they enhance a concept discussed. D) When they are appealing to the audience. - CORRECT ANSWER A) When they are distracting. What best defines a facilitator's role? A) Someone who sets up a meeting site, including deciding the place and time. B) Someone who oversees the meeting process. C) Someone who writes minutes from a meeting and distributes them to all members following. D) Someone who ensures that a follow-up meeting date is set by the end of the meeting. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Someone who oversees the meeting process. Which of the following is NOT a leadership style? A) Director B) Problem Solver C) Developer D) Discusser - CORRECT ANSWER D) Discusser What is the first step in successful prevention planning? A) Apply "best practices" and "guiding principles." B) Assess the readiness of the community and mobilize for action. C) Evaluate the prevention program. D) Select a target population. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Assess the readiness of the community and mobilize for action. What is the "denial" phase of community readiness? A) The community might recognize substance abuse as a problem, in general, but does not acknowledge that it is a problem for them, specifically. B) The community does not admit that substance abuse is a problem. C) The community does not believe prevention programming of any kind can be of assistance to them. D) The community might acknowledge substance abuse exists in their community, but does not see it as a problem. - CORRECT ANSWER A) The community might recognize substance abuse as a problem, in general, but does not acknowledge that it is a problem for them, specifically. What characterizes the "Professionalization" stage of community readiness? A) Detailed knowledge of prevalence, risk factors, and etiology exists. B) Staff are highly trained. C) Evaluation plans are in place used to improve programs over time. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. After community readiness is assessed, what comes next in Step 1 of successful prevention program execution? A) Selecting a target population. B) Community mobilization. C) Surveying community needs. D) Identifying program leadership. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Community mobilization. Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of creating an effective community coalition? A) Determining staffing, budget, and resources. B) Clarifying expectations of the coalition. C) Defining goals and objectives. D) Creating an end-date for the coalition's work. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Creating an end-date for the coalition's work. A systematic process for examining which community resources are already in place that address those risk and protective factors identified as priorities during the community assessment. - CORRECT ANSWER Resource Assessment Those who are affected by (or have an effect on) the activities, projects, or outcomes of a substance abuse intervention. - CORRECT ANSWER Stakeholders Data that are created through the use of surveys to record beliefs, attitudes, and consumption patterns. - CORRECT ANSWER Survey Data Those programs and strategies designed to target the entire population of a community (e.g., mass media campaigns). - CORRECT ANSWER Universal Programs and strategies that have been shown through research to be ineffective at preventing substance abuse. - CORRECT ANSWER Unproven Program Strategies If AOD abuse Prevention Specialists want to measure attitudes, values, decision making, community coordination, or cultural identification, they would use a: A) Family system research and assessment instrument. B) Psychiatric research and assessment instrument. C) Group social psychological research instrument. D) Social work research and assessment instrument. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Group social psychological research instrument. One of the goals of prevention is to learn about long-term effects on our culture. The type of assessment needed to measure these effects is called: A) Outcome Assessment. B) Cultural Diversity Assessment. C) Process Assessment. D) Long-Term Assessment. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Cultural Diversity Assessment. Theories of causation help identify why youths begin using drugs. AOD abuse prevention program designers must determine what factors are involved. At the most basic level these factors are: A) Schools and communities. B) Family and peers. C) Individuals and family. D) Risk and protective. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Risk and protective. It is important to match risk and protective factors in AOD abuse prevention programming. Which of the following statements have a good match between risk and protective factors and programming? I. A school-based program working on self-esteem with children who live in abusive families. II. A school-based program working on life skills with low-risk students. III. A school-based support group program for students who have violated school AOD policies. A) I only. B) III only. C) I and II only. D) II and III only. - CORRECT ANSWER D) II and III only. Media campaigns dealing with prevention techniques affect audiences by: A) Educating the public. B) Increasing problem awareness. C) Changing attitudes toward the behavior. D) Changing the behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Increasing problem awareness. Targeted programs are: A) High-impact, highly focused programs for risk reduction. B) Low-impact, broadly publicized programs for interdiction. C) High-impact, broadly publicized programs for intervention. D) Programs funded for a short time to serve a specific group. - CORRECT ANSWER A) High-impact, highly focused programs for risk reduction. A needs assessment that uses information collected from interviews, focus groups, and/or observations on document reviews to produce a descriptive report is called: A) Indicator data. B) Qualitative data. C) Outcome data. D) Quantitative data. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Qualitative data. A thorough prevention needs assessment process should involve: I. Key stakeholders. II. Collection of consumption/consequence data. III. Funding options. IV. Identification of target (affected) populations. A) I only. B) III only. C) I and IV only. D) I, II and IV only. - CORRECT ANSWER D) I, II and IV only. The Strategic Prevention Framework is used to: I. Prepare a needs assessment. II. Identify community resources. III. Build capacity. IV. Select and implement an appropriate prevention approach. A) I only. B) I and II only. C) III and IV only. D) I, II, III and IV. - CORRECT ANSWER D) I, II, III and IV. The IOM health care model defines three types of prevention approaches/target populations. The terminology that BEST reflects one of these types is: A) Universal. B) Children of Substance Abusing Parents (COSAP). C) High-Risk Youth. D) Substance Abusers. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Universal. An example of an indicated prevention strategy includes: A) Student Assistance Program (SAP). B) Media Campaign. C) Schools Assemblies. D) Social Norm Program. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Student Assistance Program (SAP). The most important feature in creating a logic model is: A) They try out multiple strategies. B) They enhance community involvement. C) They help you determine appropriate staffing patterns. D) They connect your outcomes and your goals. - CORRECT ANSWER D) They connect your outcomes and your goals. The prevention planning structure using a five-step process that includes assessment, capacity, planning, implementation, and evaluation is known as: A) Problem Identification and Referral Model. B) Social Development Strategy Model. C) Strategic Prevention Framework. D) Public Health Model. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Strategic Prevention Framework. Mobilizing community members to participate in a community prevention effort is an example of: A) Community readiness. B) Problem prioritization. C) Coalition building. D) Community needs assessment. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Coalition building. You are planning to use a proven, evidence-based program, but realize it is not feasible to implement all of the program components. You should: A) Not proceed at all with your choice. B) Consult with the developers to determine potential impact. C) Go ahead, as most programs can be modified to meet local circumstances. D) Add additional alternatives to fill out the missing components. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Consult with the developers to determine potential impact. A prevention program that has been designated as a best practice means: A) It has been adapted by many prevention programs throughout the country. B) It reflects the specific cultural needs of the community. C) It needs to involve a skilled, experienced program director. D) It has been shown through research and evaluation to be effective. - CORRECT ANSWER D) It has been shown through research and evaluation to be effective. What is the best way to engage community members? A) Ask them for their advice. B) Get them involved in the planning process. C) Survey them. D) Conduct a focus group. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Get them involved in the planning process. A resource assessment of the community would NOT include: A) Interviews with service providers. B) A review of archival data. C) A survey of prevention program directors/staff. D) A review of program documents. - CORRECT ANSWER B) A review of archival data. If your community coalition lacks participation from a specific ethnic community you should: A) Go with the group that has volunteered to serve in your coalition. B) Invite them to your next planning meeting. C) Wait until the current coalition is completed with its work. D) Have collation members go to their community and ask them to participate. - CORRECT ANSWER D) Have collation members go to their community and ask them to participate. In selecting a prevention program, what should you do? A) Select the program with community input. B) Base decision on what other prevention programs are doing. C) Base selection on the prevention literature. D) Select a universal-based approach. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Select the program with community input. A community is in denial when it: A) Does not recognize it has an AOD problem. B) Has no active leaders interested in the problem. C) Has not engaged in the collection and analysis of AOD data. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. Jill is a prevention specialist. She has the task of selecting a proven prevention strategy. She should: A) Choose a strategy that includes scare tactics because they are effective. B) Review the proven programs on NREPP. C) Select a strategy that focuses on increasing self-esteem . D) Choose a strategy that uses information dissemination alone because it has been proven. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Review the proven programs on NREPP. A prevention strategy aimed at informing broad segments of society is called a: A) Universal program. B) Selected program. C) Indicated program. D) Risk and protective approach. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Universal program. A program that has been researched and found to be effective is known as: A) Proven. B) Best Practice. C) Promising. D) Excellent. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Best Practice. Ways you might encourage community readiness to address their local substance problem include: A) Provide educational outreach to community leaders. B) Provide prevalence rates on AOD problems. C) Conduct in-service training. D) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER D) All of the above. A goal statement: A) Specifies what and when something is to be accomplished. B) Is general and inclusive. C) Identifies who will do what tasks. D) Is the same as a mission statement. - CORRECT ANSWER B) Is general and inclusive. An objective statement: A) Is time specific and measurable. B) Identifies specific individuals and their responsibilities. C) Is general and inclusive. D) Compares planned to achieved tasks. - CORRECT ANSWER A) Is time specific and measurable. A group of participants in a quasi-experiment who are not given or exposed to the treatment to see if there is a difference between the two (or more). Comparison groups are not randomly assigned. - CORRECT ANSWER Comparison Group Repositories of data compiled by public agencies to document social conditions or other indicators in their policy area. Often provide information about trends in national, regional, state, and local circumstances that may be useful in establishing baselines against which program effectiveness can be measured (e.g., state highway patrol is usually the source for DUI arrests, accidents, and fatalities). - CORRECT ANSWER Archival Data A group whose characteristics are statistically equivalent to those of the program, but who do not receive the program services, products, or activities being evaluated. Participants are randomly assigned to either the experimental group (those receiving program services) or the control group. A control group is used to assess the effect of program activities on participants who are receiving the services, products, or activities being evaluated. The same information is collected for people in the control group and those in the experimental group. - CORRECT ANSWER Control Group Refers to the manner in which information is gathered in an evaluation. It can include interviews, surveys, focus groups, document reviews, and observations. - CORRECT ANSWER Data Collection Methods Evaluation has several distinguishing characteristics relating to focus, methodology, and function. Evaluation: 1) assesses the effectiveness of an ongoing program in achieving its objectives; 2) relies on the standards of study design to distinguish a program's effects from those of other forces; and 3) aims at program improvement through assessment and possible modification of current operations. - CORRECT ANSWER Evaluation A written document describing the overall approach or design that will be used to guide an evaluation. It includes what will be done, how it will be done, who will do it, when it will be done, and why the evaluation is being conducted. - CORRECT ANSWER Evaluation Plan A research design in which the researcher has control over the selection of participants in the study and their random assignment to treatment and control (experimental) groups. Experimental design maximizes the ability to attribute outcomes to a "treatment" (e.g., policy, program, or practice). - CORRECT ANSWER Experimental Design A group of individuals participating in the program activities or receiving the program services being evaluated or studied. Experimental groups (also known as treatment groups) are usually compared to a control or comparison group. - CORRECT ANSWER Experimental Group Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data conducted by an individual or organization outside of the organization being evaluated. - CORRECT ANSWER External Evaluation A group of people convened for the purpose of obtaining perceptions or opinions, suggesting ideas, or recommending actions. A focus group is a method of collecting information for the evaluation process. It involves 6-10 individuals, following a progressive script encouraging discussion of issues or questions. The sessions have a facilitator and detailed notes are taken. - CORRECT ANSWER Focus Group A ______ _______ individual has an ability to understand, communicate, and effectively interact with people from different cultural backgrounds - a necessity in being an effective prevention community worker. - CORRECT ANSWER culturally competent "______ ______" refers to increasing these resources and skills. Coalitions may be born in this stage of development. - CORRECT ANSWER Capacity Building A research design with some, but not all, of the characteristics of an experimental design. While comparison groups may be available and all feasible controls are used to minimize threats to validity, random selection is typically not possible or practical. - CORRECT ANSWER Quasi-Experimental Design An individual or organization with a direct or indirect investment in a project or program (e.g., participants, funders, managers, people not served by the program, community members). - CORRECT ANSWER Stakeholders Survey - CORRECT ANSWER The collection of information from a common group through interviews, or the application of questionnaires to a representative sample of that group.