AP Physics: Unit 3 Progress Check: MCQ Part A

Planet X has a mass of MM and a radius of RR. Planet Y has a mass of 3M3M and a radius of 3R3R. Identical satellites orbit both planets at a distance RR above their surfaces, as shown above. The planets are separated by such a large distance that the gravitational forces between them are negligible. How does the magnitude of the gravitational force FYFY exerted by Planet Y on its satellite compare to the gravitational force FXFX exerted by Planet X on its satellite? - Answer- FY=3/4FX Planet X has a mass of MM and a radius of RR. Planet Y has a mass of 3M3M and a radius of 3R3R. Identical satellites orbit both planets at a distance RR above their surfaces, as shown above. The planets are separated by such a large distance that the gravitational forces between them are negligible. How does the gravitational field gXgX at the surface of Planet X compare with the gravitational field gYgY at the surface of Planet Y? - Answer- gX=3gY A moon orbits a planet in a nearly circular orbit of radius RR, as shown in the figure. Which of the following free-body diagrams could be used to analyze the forces exerted on the moon when it is at the position indicated in the figure? - Answer- Gravity is going toward the right A moon orbits a planet in a nearly circular orbit of radius RR, as shown in the figure. The moon has a mass of 1×1022 kg1×1022 kg, and the gravitational field strength at a distance RR from the planet is 0.001 N/kg0.001 N/kg. What is the gravitational force exerted on the moon while it is in orbit around the planet? - Answer- 1×10^19 N A moon orbits a planet in a nearly circular orbit of radius RR, as shown in the figure. Astronomers making careful observations of the moon's orbit discover that the orbit is not perfectly circular, nor is it elliptical. Which of the following statements supports this observation? - Answer- There is another celestial body that exerts a gravitational force on the moon. Two containers of water can have their individual masses varied by adding or removing water. The containers are initially a distance dd apart, as measured from their centers, and are filled with water so that each has a mass MM, as shown in Figure 1 above. The gravitational force that one container exerts on the other is F0F0. Water is then added to one container so that its mass increases to 1.5M1.5M, and water is removed from the other container so that its mass decreases to 0.5M0.5M, as shown in Figure 2. What is the new gravitational force exerted on one container by the other? - Answer- 3/4F0