PHTLS Block Exam
Level 1 Trauma Center - ANSRegional Trauma Center, All types of specialty surgical care 24/7,
(Surgical suites, Surgeons, Blood, CT, X-Ray ... all in house), Tertiary - all levels of care
Ex... County USC, Cedars, UCLA- Ronald Regan, UCLA- Harbor General
Level 2 Trauma Center - ANSArea Trauma Center,
Most common trauma emergencies with surgical capabilities 24/7, (can handle most common
types of trauma)
Ex.... St. Francis
Level 3 Trauma Center - ANSCommunity Trauma Center,
Specialized ED and some surgical capability
(the speciality staff is on call and has 30 mins to get to hospital)
Level 4 Trauma Center - ANSsmall community hospitals, (they have to stabilize and transfer)
Have ER DR but no surgeon
What are run sheets used for? - ANSQI, Research, Trauma Registry,
What are the 4 E's? - ANSEngineering -(roads, airbags, pool alarms)
Enforcement -(laws)
Education -(safety classes)
Economics -(government grants)
What is an injury? - ANSbeing hurt or killed
What is trauma? - ANSinflicted wounds or injury
What is an accident? - ANSan event that is unforeseen or without apparent cause
What is a disease? - ANSan unhealthy condition, illness, or disorder
Why is the Highway Safety Act of 1966 important? - ANSlead to development of EMS
"White Paper" - Accidental Death & Disability, The Neglected Disease of a Modern Society
Why is the American College of Surgeons important? - ANS1990: trauma care systems planning
and development act
, (established guidelines, funding and state-level leadership for the development of trauma
systems)
What are the leading causes of death in adults & children? - ANSAdults - MVC
Children - Falls
In trauma how many die in 1st hr? - ANS50%
Fix = Injury Prevention
In trauma how many die in 4 hrs? - ANS30%
Fix = good prehospital and hospital care
In trauma how many die days or weeks later? - ANS20% (due to hypoxia, hypotension, end
organ failure)
Fix = aggressive shock management
What is Precrash? - ANSAge, medical hx, drugs, alcohol
What are the 3 phases of a Crash? - ANS1. car into tree
2. person into steering wheel
3. organs into body
What is the main purpose of car restraints? - ANSto slow the occupant down with the vehicle
Platinum 10 mins are used for what? - ANS1. identify life-threats
2. perform key interventions
3. rapid extrication were indicated
4. timely transport to an appropriate facility
5. early notification to the receiving facility
Trauma is the leading cause of death in what age group? - ANS1 - 44
What is anatomical trauma criteria? - ANSSpecific injuries (bi-lat femur fx)
What is mechanical trauma criteria? - ANSType of incident / MOI (blunt head, penetrating
trauma, PSI)
What is physiological trauma criteria? - ANSvitals signs (ALOC, hypotension GCS < 15)
What is newtons 1st law? - ANSBody at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will remain
in motion until acted upon by an outside force
Level 1 Trauma Center - ANSRegional Trauma Center, All types of specialty surgical care 24/7,
(Surgical suites, Surgeons, Blood, CT, X-Ray ... all in house), Tertiary - all levels of care
Ex... County USC, Cedars, UCLA- Ronald Regan, UCLA- Harbor General
Level 2 Trauma Center - ANSArea Trauma Center,
Most common trauma emergencies with surgical capabilities 24/7, (can handle most common
types of trauma)
Ex.... St. Francis
Level 3 Trauma Center - ANSCommunity Trauma Center,
Specialized ED and some surgical capability
(the speciality staff is on call and has 30 mins to get to hospital)
Level 4 Trauma Center - ANSsmall community hospitals, (they have to stabilize and transfer)
Have ER DR but no surgeon
What are run sheets used for? - ANSQI, Research, Trauma Registry,
What are the 4 E's? - ANSEngineering -(roads, airbags, pool alarms)
Enforcement -(laws)
Education -(safety classes)
Economics -(government grants)
What is an injury? - ANSbeing hurt or killed
What is trauma? - ANSinflicted wounds or injury
What is an accident? - ANSan event that is unforeseen or without apparent cause
What is a disease? - ANSan unhealthy condition, illness, or disorder
Why is the Highway Safety Act of 1966 important? - ANSlead to development of EMS
"White Paper" - Accidental Death & Disability, The Neglected Disease of a Modern Society
Why is the American College of Surgeons important? - ANS1990: trauma care systems planning
and development act
, (established guidelines, funding and state-level leadership for the development of trauma
systems)
What are the leading causes of death in adults & children? - ANSAdults - MVC
Children - Falls
In trauma how many die in 1st hr? - ANS50%
Fix = Injury Prevention
In trauma how many die in 4 hrs? - ANS30%
Fix = good prehospital and hospital care
In trauma how many die days or weeks later? - ANS20% (due to hypoxia, hypotension, end
organ failure)
Fix = aggressive shock management
What is Precrash? - ANSAge, medical hx, drugs, alcohol
What are the 3 phases of a Crash? - ANS1. car into tree
2. person into steering wheel
3. organs into body
What is the main purpose of car restraints? - ANSto slow the occupant down with the vehicle
Platinum 10 mins are used for what? - ANS1. identify life-threats
2. perform key interventions
3. rapid extrication were indicated
4. timely transport to an appropriate facility
5. early notification to the receiving facility
Trauma is the leading cause of death in what age group? - ANS1 - 44
What is anatomical trauma criteria? - ANSSpecific injuries (bi-lat femur fx)
What is mechanical trauma criteria? - ANSType of incident / MOI (blunt head, penetrating
trauma, PSI)
What is physiological trauma criteria? - ANSvitals signs (ALOC, hypotension GCS < 15)
What is newtons 1st law? - ANSBody at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will remain
in motion until acted upon by an outside force
