AANP FNP STUDY GUIDE EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) A+ GRADED 2023/2024

AANP FNP STUDY GUIDE EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) A+ GRADED 2023/2024 Tanner Stage 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased rugae of scrotum, testes enlarge. Breast bud. Straight sparse hair. Tanner Stage 3 - CORRECT ANSWER-Penis elongates. Pencil penis. Scrotal color darkens. Breast tissue and areola are one mound. Darkened hair, starts to curl. Tanner 4 - CORRECT ANSWER-Penis thickens and increases in size. Areola/nipple separate for secondary mound. Curly hair, not on medial thigh. When does menarche begin? - CORRECT ANSWER-After Tanner stage 2, within 1-2 years. Delayed puberty if no secondary sexual characteristics by 12-13 in girls and 14 in boys. Trisomy 21 - CORRECT ANSWER-Down Syndrome. Risk with advanced maternal age. Microcephaly, flat nose, hypotonia, simian crease. Marfan's Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Pectus excavatum. Tall, wide arm span. Risk of MVP, aneurysm, aortic regurgitation. Do not clear for sports. Turner's Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-FEMALE. Lymphedema in utero, webbed neck, LD, widely spaced nipples, HTN coarctation of aorta. Klienfelter's Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Extra X in males. More feminine. Will see in puberty. Infertile, hypogonadism, low testosterone. Tall, lanky, underdeveloped sexually. Caput succadeum - CORRECT ANSWER-Sutures cross midline, spreads. Caphalohematoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Sutures do not cross midline, more significant. When does anterior fontanelle close? - CORRECT ANSWER-18 months When does posterior fontanelle close? - CORRECT ANSWER-2-3 months Abrnomal red reflex - CORRECT ANSWER-Black or white. Retinoblastoma, cataracts, osteogenesis perfecta. White specks in down syndrome. Edward's Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Trisomy 18. Small mouth. High pitched cry. Newborn screening tests - CORRECT ANSWER-PKU (phenylalanine), can lead to hyperactivity and mental retardation. Hypothyroid. If not treated, mental retardation. Sickle cell. Galactessemia, maple smell to urine, septic. Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWER-Stye. Pain, edema. Bacitracin ophthalmic ointment. STD conjunctivitis. - CORRECT ANSWER-Emergency. Rocephin for gonorrhea. Gonococcola Ophthamlia Neonatorum - CORRECT ANSWER-2-4 days after birth. Red eye, purulent discharge, swollen eyelids. GC culture, Thayer Martin, ROCEPHIN. Chalmydial Ophthalmia Trachoma - CORRECT ANSWER-4-10 days after birth. Edematous, red, profuse WATERY discharge that becomes purulent. Azithromycin, erythmocycin. Otitis externa - CORRECT ANSWER-Fungal. Odor, black specks. Clotramizole. Pain with tragus/pinna. Corticosporin Sensorineuro hearing loss in PEDS - CORRECT ANSWER-Syphilis, acoustic neuroma, aminoglycoside (gentamycin) Epiglottitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Bacterial. Thumb sign on x-ray. Croup - CORRECT ANSWER-Viral. Steeple sign on x-ray. Bronchioloitis - CORRECT ANSWER-RSV, adenovirus. Under 3. Lower respi. URI, fever, nasal flaring, stridor.If a preemie, synegis. Intermittent Asthma peds - CORRECT ANSWER-SABA, 2 puffs q 4-6 hours. Peak 30 min-2 hours, lasts 4-6. S. pneumonia (CAP) peds - CORRECT ANSWER-Lobar consolidation. Tx with penicillin. H. influenza pneumonia peds - CORRECT ANSWER-Lobar consolidation. Amoxicillin or cephalosporin. M. cataralis or mycoplasma - CORRECT ANSWER-Linear. Azithromycin. Neurofibromatosis - CORRECT ANSWER-Cafe au lait spots. Neurofibromas. Eye nodules. Freckling. Peds IDA - CORRECT ANSWER-Slow GI loss, too much whole milk. PICA. Flat shaped nails. Ferritin low. 6-9 month treatments. 3-6 mg/kg day of iron Thalassemia peds - CORRECT ANSWER-Asymptomatic. Enlarged spleen, tachypnea, tachycardia, prominence in facial bones. TIBC not increased . Electrophoresis. Sickle Cell Peds - CORRECT ANSWER-Vasocclusive crisis. Symptoms in stress, heat, overexerting. Howel Jolly Bodies. Reticulocytosis. Hydrate, oxygenate, pain managemnet. Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER-Factor VIII. Mother/daughter carry gene but presents in males. Bleed into joints. Lead Poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER-Over 10 refer. IDA. Butonion line, gingival border. Kelation therapy. Leukemia peds - CORRECT ANSWER-Chronically tired, pale, resp. infections. Blast cells, peripheral smear, WBC HIV testing - CORRECT ANSWER-ELISA in older child. PCR in infant. Western blot confirms. More than 800 CD4 count normal, viral load less than 5000 or 0/undetectable. Cause of fever in less than 2 month old - CORRECT ANSWER-Group B strep, e coli common cause of fever in 2 months and up - CORRECT ANSWER-Strep. pneumoniae, and h. influenza Preoperational phase, preconceptual - CORRECT ANSWER-2-4 years old Causation, intuitive - CORRECT ANSWER-4-7 years old When is vision 20/20? - CORRECT ANSWER-Age 6 Concrete thinking, cognitive tasks, capable - CORRECT ANSWER-School age What can be confused as child abuse in younger children? - CORRECT ANSWEROsteogenesis imperfecta or Mongolian spot VSD - CORRECT ANSWER-Thrill sometimes felt at LL sternal border. Most common heart defect in babies. Opening between septum. Holosystolic murmur. Transposition of great arteries - CORRECT ANSWER-RVH. L. lower sternal border. Egg on a string on x-ray. Tetralogy of fallot - CORRECT ANSWER-VSD. Pulmonary stenosis. Overriding aorta. R. sided hypertrophy. Systolic ejection murmur and thrill. Squat to slow return of blood to heart. Aortic stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER-Systolic thrill. R. upper sternal border. Ejection click heard at apex. LVH. X-ray, severe HF. More common in boys than girls, common to see mild exercise intoleranc