Mark Klimek Blue Book Questions with Complete Solutions A+

Water acounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight? 70 to 75% What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant? 100 to 105 What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy? #7, facial nerve Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy. Dark glasses, artificial tears, cover eye at night The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine forked The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy. Perineal Acid Ash diet Decrease pH (makes urine acid) Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes. What drug is use to treat bladder spasm? B&O suppositories (Belladonna & Opiates) If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first ___________. if Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on the prostate with the Foley balloon. How often should the drainage bag be emptied? Every 8 hours Name foods that make acid urine Cranberry juice, apple juice (avoid citrus juices- they make alkaline urine) Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure. Increase or Widen If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________. Warmed Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? Bradycardia, Fever, Hives, Wheezing, Increased Blood Pressure, Low Back Pain Low back pain, wheezing, fever, hives We have an expert-written solution to this problem! What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction? Shivering, HA, low back pain, increased pulse & respirations, decreasing BP, oliguria, hematuria What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction? Low back pain, shaking HA, increasing temperature, confusion, hemoptysis What are the signs of symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion? Hives- uticaria, wheezing, pruritus, joint pain, (arthralgia) When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur? In the first 10 to 15 minutes When is a febrile reaction likely to occur? Within 30 minutes of beginning the transfusion What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood? Call the MD because blood is often held with an elevated temperature How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse? From one hour to three hours What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion? Once before administration Q15 x 2 after administration is begun Q1 x1 after transfusion has stopped Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in? Fluoride and iron What is another name for Buerger's disease? Thromboangiitis obliterans Which extremities are affected by it? Lower only The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________. Smokers Upon walking the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________. Intermittent Claudication What is the only IM given to a burn patient? Tetanus toxoid- if they had a previous immunization; tetanus antitoxin- if they have never been immunized before (or immune globulin) In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field) Yes, with anything clean and dry. How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last? 2 to 5 days Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to Placenta Previa? Highter Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed _____________ and ______________. drugs, insecticides Name 3 drugs given for acne? Vitamin A, Antibiotics, Retinoids Accutane (isotretinoin) is an analog of which vitamin? Vitamin A What is the most common side effect of (isotretinoin)? And what is most important in health teaching in administration? Inflammation of the lips; Causes birth defects We have an expert-written solution to this problem! What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne? Tetracycline How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated? 4 to 6 weeks What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline? Take it on an empty stomach and avoid the sunlight (photosensitivity) The AIDS virus invades helper ____________. T-lymphocytes (or CD4 cells) HIV is present in all body fluids? Yes, but not transmitted by all, only blood, semen and breast milk What is the first test for HIV antibodies? ELISA What test confirms the ELISA? Western Blot A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related symptoms. 500 A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections. 200 Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease. Anorexia, fatigue, weakness, night sweats, fever, diarrhea Which 2 classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity? NRTI's (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) and PI's (protease inhibitors) They prevent viral replication. NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) an antiviral drug used against HIV (is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process; results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination with other drugs) PI's (Protease inhibitors) most potent of antiviral meds, inhibit cell protein synthesis that interferes with viral replication, does not cure but slows progression of AIDS and prolongs life, used prophylactically, used in AIDS to decrease viral load and opportunistic infections What do NRTI's and PI's do? They prevent viral replication What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV? A delayed onset of AIDS for as long as possible (usually can delay onset for 10-15 years) What is the most common NRTI used? AZT (zidovudine) What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV disease? The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hours can be overwhelming. The frequency also makes it hard to remember-an alarm wristwatch is used. We have an expert-written solution to this problem! What lab findings are present in AIDS? Decreased RBC's, WBC's and platelets What is the most important intervention in treating AGN? Bedrest - they can walk if hematuria, edema and hypertension are gone. What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN? Moderate sodium restriction. Fluid restriction is #2 if edema is severe. What are the urinaysis findings on AGN? Hematuria Proteinuria +3 to +4 Specific gravity Up