FRESENIUS HEMODIALYSIS STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Three pieces of personal protective equipment that are mandatory for use in the patient care area are: - Gown, gloves, face shield The function of Erythropoietin is - Stimulate production of RBC's, tells bone marrow to make RBC's Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by - most commonly a viral infection Max Chlorine level in H2O room - 0.09 ppm Albumin is - a protein that helps fight infections and aids in healing and tissue formation. Gets fluid back into the blood, an osmotic agent. HD patient range for Albumin - ≥ 4.0 Potassium is - an electrolyte that regulates cardiac action HD patient range for Potassium - 3.5-6.0 Hemoglobin is - what carries oxygen and iron from the lungs to vital organs HD patient range for Hemoglobin - 10-11 Phosphorus is - what keeps bones and heart healthy if in balance, has an inverse relationship with Ca HD patient range for Phosphorus - 3-5.5 spKT/V is - what tells if the patient is receiving adequate dialysis, clearance times time of tx in minutes divided by volume in (L) of urea distribution HD patient range for spKT/V - ≥1.4 iPTH is - what balances Ca and Phos, elevated Phos causes elevated PTH, leads to bone and heart damage HD patient range for iPTH - 150-600 Calcium (corrected) is - a mineral that keeps bones and muscles healthy HD patient range for Calcium (corrected) - 200-300 Hep B may be transmitted in a dialysis unit because it is transmitted via - blood There are specific procedures to control the spread of Hepatitis in the dialysis unit. What are they? - PPE use, hand washing, decontamination, disposal of supplies The four organs of the urinary tract are - Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra (this is the flow path order as well) Osmosis is - Movement of FLUID through a semi-permeable membrane from and area of LOW SOLUTE to an area of HIGH SOLUTE concentration Machines and chairs are cleaned with ____________ routinely. - bleach 1:100 1:10 bleach solution is used for spills of blood greater than - 10 mL The dialysate should be checked for what 3 things prior to starting each treatment? - pH, conductivity and temperature The kidneys inability to secrete what is the primary reason dialysis patients are anemic? - Erythropoeitin Water softener exchanges _____________ and _____________ for sodium by _________________. - Calcium, magnesium, ion exchange Anemia is a condition characterized by unusually low levels of - RBC's (hemoglobin) During a power failure you would return the patients blood via - handcrank (6-10 rotations per min) Max time to handcrank in power failure - 10-15 minutes Is dialysate sterile? - NO Heparin is a ___________ acting, _________ molecule. - short, large Heparin is given _________ to __________ minutes prior to the initiation of treatment. - 3,5 Why is heparin given to minutes prior to the initiation of treatment? - In order for it to become systemic throughout the body Venous pressure measures - resistance of blood return Conductivity measures - ability of a substance to conduct heat, electricity or sound What protects patients from receiving air? - Air detector If the dialysate delivery system has been improperly disinfected what might occur? - bacteria and endotoxins can be in the dialysate which may cause pyrogenic reactions What does the temperature monitor prevent? - Hemolysis, from too high dialysis temperature Hemolysis occurs if the temperature is too - High What are the two most life threatening conditions that can happen during treatment? - Air embolism and Hemolysis When should sharps containers be changed? - when 1/2 ful