(Top QUALITY 2024/2025 EXAM REVIEW) WGU C191 Operating systems for programmers, Full Exam Review, Graded A+

WGU C191 Operating systems for programmers, Full Exam Review, Graded A+ Control Program manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer computer system A four-part system consisting of hardware, software, data, and people that performs four basic actions: input, output, processing, and storage. Kernal The part of the operating system that is running at all times on a computer. Middleware Several different types of software that sit between and provide connectivity for two or more software applications Direct Memory Access (DMA) When a device controller transfers an entire block of data from its own buffer storage to memory without CPU intervention Multiprocessor Systems Systems with 2 or more processors in close communication. Three main advantages: 1. Increased throughput 2. Economy of Scale 3. Increased reliability graceful degradation Ability to continue providing service proportional to the level of surviving hardware Fault-tolerant systems system that can suffer a failure of any single component and still continue to operate. Asymmetric Multiprocessing each processor is assigned a specific task Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) each processor is self-scheduling, all processes in common ready queue, or each has its own private queue of ready processes Clustered System A system that shares storage and are closely linked via a local-area network or a faster interconnect. Usually used to provide high-availability service. Multiprogramming The technique of keeping multiple programs in main memory at the same time, competing for the CPU so the CPU always has one to execute. job pool all processes residing on disk awaiting allocation of main me