FUNDAMENTALS EXAM #1 ATI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A nurse is discussing restorative health care with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following examples should the nursing include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) A. Home healthcare B. Rehabilitation facilities C. Diagnostic centers D. Skilled nursing facilities E. Oncology centers - correct answers a. home health care b. rehabilitation facilities c. skilled nursing facilities A nurse is explaining the various types of health care coverage clients might have to a group of nursing students. Which of the following health care financing mechanisms are federally funded? (Select all that apply) A. Preferred provider organization B. Medicare C. Long term care insurance D. Exclusive provider organization E. Medicaid - correct answers b. medicare c. medicaid A nurse manager is developing strategies to care for the increasing number of clients who have obesity. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a primary health care strategy?collaborating with providers to perform obesity screenings during routine office visits - correct answers collaborating with providers to perform obesity screenings during routine office visits A nurse manager is developing strategies to care for the increasing number of clients who have obesity. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a primary health strategy? A. Collaborating with providers to perform obesity screenings during routine office visit B. Ensuring the availability of specialized beds in rehabilitation centers for clients who have obesity C. Providing specialized Intraoperative training regarding surgical treatments for obesity D. Educating acute car - correct answers A. Collaborating with providers to perform obesity screenings during routine office visits A nurse is discussing the purpose of regulatory agencies during a staff meeting. Which of the following tasks should the nurse identify as a responsibility of state licensing boards? A. Monitoring evidence-based practice for clients who have a special diagnosis B. Ensuring that healthcare providers comply with regulations C. Setting quality standards for accreditation of healthcare facilities D. Determining if medications are safe for administraion to clients - correct answers B. Ensuring that healthcare providers comply with regulations A nurse is explaining the various levels of healthcare services to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following examples of care or care settings should the nurse classify as tertiary care? SATA A. Intensive care unit B. Oncology treatment center C. Burn center D. Cardiac rehabilitation E. Home health care - correct answers A. Intensive care unit B. Oncology treatment center C. Burn center When entering a client's room to change a surgical dressing, a nurse notes that the client is coughing and sneezing. Which id the following actions should the nurse take when preparing the sterile field? A. Keep the sterile field at least 6 feet away from client's bedside. B. Instruct the client to refrain from coughing and sneezing during the dressing change. C. Place a mask on the client to limit the spread of micro-organism into the surgical wound. D. Keep a box of facial tissues nearby f - correct answers C. Place a mask on the client to limit the spread of micro-organism into the surgical wound. A nurse has removed a sterile pack form its outside cover and placed it on a clean work surface in preparation for an invasive procedure. Which of the following flaps should the nurse unfold first? A. The flap closet to the body B. The right side flap C. The left side flap D. The flap farthest from the body - correct answers D. The flap farthest from the body A nurse is wearing sterile gloves in preparation for performing a sterile procedure. Which of the following objects can the nurse touch without breaching sterile technique. (Select all that apply.) A. A bottle containing a sterile solution B. The edge of the sterile drape at the base of the field C. The inner wrapping of an item on the sterile field D. An irrigation syringe on the sterile fieldE. One gloved hand with the other gloved hand - correct answers C. The inner wrapping of an item on the sterile field D. An irrigation syringe on the sterile field E. One gloved hand with the other gloved hand A nurse is reviewing hand hygiene technique with a group of assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when discussing hand washing? (Select all that apply.) A. Apply 3 to 5 mL of liquid soap to dry hands B. Wash the hands with soap and water for at least 15 seconds. C. Rinse the hands with hot water. D. Use a clean paper towel to turn off hand faucets. E. Allow the hands to air dry after washing. - correct answers B. Wash the hands with soap and water for at least 15 seconds. D. Use a clean paper towel to turn off hand faucets. A nurse has prepared a sterile field for assisting a provider with a chest tube injection. Which of the following events should the nurse recognize as contaminating the sterile field. (Select all that apply.) A. The provider drops a sterile instrument onto the near side of the sterile field. B. The nurse moistens a cotton ball with sterile normal saline and places it on the sterile field. C. The procedure is delayed 1 hour because the provider receives an emergency call. D. The nurse turns t - correct answers B. The nurse moistens a cotton ball with sterile normal saline and places it on the sterile field. C. The procedure is delayed 1 hour because the provider receives an emergency call. D. The nurse turns to speak to someone who enters through the door behind the nurse. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The nurse is aware that health care professionals are required to report communicable and infectious diseases. WHich of the following illistrate the rationale for reporting? (select all that apply.) A. Planning and evaluating control and prevention strategies. B. Determining public health priorities C.Ensuring proper medical treatment D. Identifying endemic diseasesE. Monitoring for common-source outbrea - correct answers A. Planning and evaluating control and prevention strategies. B. Determining public health priorities C. Ensuring proper medical treatment E. Monitoring for common-source outbreaks A nurse is caring for a client who reprtds of severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. The cleint is experiencing which of the following stages of infection. A. Prodromal B. Incubation C. Convalescence D. Illness - correct answers D. Illness A nurse educator is revieing with a newly hired nurse the diferencies in manifestations of a localized versus a systemic infection. The nurse indicates understanding when she states that which of the following are manifestations of a systmeic infection? (Slect all that apply.) A. fever B. malaise C. edema D. pain or tenderness E. increase in pulse and repiratory rate - correct answers A. fever B. malaise E. increase in pulse and respiratory rate A nurse is contributingto the plan of care for a client who is being admitted to the facility wit a suspected diagnosis of pertussis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply) A. Place the client in a room that has negative air pressure of at least six exchanges per hour. B. Wear a mask when providing care within 3 ft of the client C. PLace a surgical mask on the client if transportation to another department is unavoidable D. - correct answers B, C, E A nurse provides an introduction to a client as the first step of a comprehensive physical examination. Which of the following strategies should the nurse use with this client? (select all that apply) A. Address the client with the appropriate title and their last name. B. Use a mix of open- and closed-ended questions. C. Reduce environmental noise. D. Have the client complete a printed history form. E.Perform the general survey before the examination. - correct answers B. Use a mix of open- and closed-ended questions. C. Reduce environmental noise. E.Perform the general survey before the examination. A nurse in a provider's office is documenting findings following an examination performed for a client new to the practice. Which of the following parameters should the nurse include as part of the general survey? (select all that apply) A. Posture B. Skin lesions C. Speech D. Allergies E. Immunization status - correct answers A, B, C A nurse is collecting data for a client's comprehensive physical examination. After inspecting the client's abdomen, which of the following skills of the physical examination process should the nurse perform next? A. Olfaction B. Auscultation C. Palpation D. Percussion - correct answers B. Auscultation A nurse is preparing to perform a comprehensive physical examination of an older adult client. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use in consideration of the client's age? (Select all that apply) A. Expect the session to be shorter than for a younger client. B. Plan to allow plenty of time for position changes. C. Make sure the client has any essential sensory aids in place. D. Tell the client to take their time answering bathroom before beginning the examination. - correct answers B. Plan to allow plenty of time for position changes. C. Make sure the client has any essential sensory aids in place. D. Tell the client to take their time answering bathroom before beginning the examination. A nurse in a provider's office is performing a physical examination of an adult client. Which part of the hands should the nurse use during palpation for optimal assessment of skin temperature? A. Palmar Surface B. Fingertips C. Dorsal Surface D. Base of the fingers - correct answers C. Dorsal Surface A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department who has an oral body temperature of 38.3 C (101 F ), pulse rate 114/min, and respiratory rate 22/min. The client is restless with warm skin. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Obtain culture specimens before initiating antimicrobials. B. Restrict the client's oral fluid intake. C. Encourage the client to rest and limit activity. D. Allow the client to shiver to dispel excess heat. - correct answers A. Obtain culture specimens before initiating antimicrobials. C. Encourage the client to rest and limit activity. E. Assist the client with oral hygiene frequently. A nurse is instructing an assistive personnel (AP) about caring for a client who has a low platelet count. Which of the following instructions is the priory for measuring vital signs for this client? A. "Do not measure the client's temperature rectally." B. "Count the client's radial pulse for 30 seconds and multiply it by 2." C. "Do not let the client know you are counting their respirations." D. "Let the client rest for 5 minutes before you measure their blood pressure." - correct answers A. "Do not measure the client's temperature rectally." (can cause bleeding) A nurse is instructing a group of assistive personnel in measuring a client's respiratory rate. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse include? (Select all that apply) A. Place the client in semi-Fowler's position B. Have the client rest an arm across the abdomen. C. Observe one full respiratory cycle before counting the rate. D. Count the rate for 30 sec if it is irregular. E. Count and report an sighs the client demonstrates. - correct answers A. Place the client in semi-Fowler's position B. Have the client rest an arm across the abdomen. C. Observe one full respiratory cycle before counting the rate. A nurse is measuring the blood pressure of a client who has a fractured femur. The blood pressure reading is 140/94 mm Hg, and the client denies any history of hypertension. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Request a prescription for an anti hypertensive medication B. Ask client if they are having pain. C. Request a prescription for an anti anxiety medication. D. Return in 30 min to recheck the client's blood pressure. - correct answers B. Ask client if they are having pain. A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse determines the client's radial pulse rate is 68/min and the simultaneous apical pulse rate is 84/min. What is the client's pulse deficit? - correct answers 16 A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to test a client's cranial nerve function. Which of the following directions should the nurse include when testing cranial nerve V? (Select all that apply). A. "Close your eyes." B. "Tell me what you can taste." C. "Clench your teeth." D. "Raise your eyebrows." E. "Tell me when you feel a touch." - correct answers C and E A nurse is assessing a client's thyroid gland as part of a comprehensive physical examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply) A. Palpating the thyroid in the lower half of the neck B. Visualizing the thyroid on inspection of the neck C. Hearing a bruit when auscultating the thyroid D. Feeling the thyroid ascend as the client swallows E. Finding symmetric extension off the trachea on both sides of the mid-line. - correct answers A. Palpating the thyroid in the lower half of the neck D. Feeling the thyroid ascend as the client swallows E. Finding symmetric extension off the trachea on both sides of the mid-line. A nurse is assessing an adult client's internal ear canals with an otoscope as part of a head and neck examination. Which of the following action should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) A. Pull the auricle down and back B.insert speculum slightly down and forward C. Insert the speculum slightly down 2 to 2.5cm (0.8 to 1 in). D. Make sure the speculum does not touch the ear canal E. Use the light to visualize the tympanic membrane in a cone shape - correct answers B, D, E A nurse is performing a head and neck examination for an older adult client. Which of the following age-related findings should the nurse expect? ( Select all the apply.) A. Reddened gums B. Lowered vocal pitch C. Tooth loss D. Glare intolerance E. Thickened eardrums - correct answers C. Tooth loss D. Glare intolerance E. Thickened eardrums A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to perform a breast examination for an older adult client who is postmenopausal. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A. Smaller nipples B. Less adipose tissue C. Nipple discharge D. More pendulous E. Nipple Inversion - correct answers ADE A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to auscultate and percuss a client's thorax as part of a comprehensive physical examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all the apply.) A. Rhonchi B. Crackles C. Resonance D. Tactile fremitus E. Bronchovesicular sounds - correct answers C, E During an abdominal examination, a nurse in a provider's office determines that a client has abdominal distention. The protrusion is at midline, the skin over the area is taut, and the nurse notes no involvement of the flanks. Which of the following possible causes of distention should the nurse suspect? A. Fat B. Fluid C. Flatus D. Hernias - correct answers C (with flatus, the protrusion is mainly midline, and there is no change in flanks) During a cardiovascular examination, a nurse in a provider's office places the diaphragm of the stethoscope on the left midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space. Which of the following heart sounds is the nurse attempting to auscultate? (Select all that apply.) A. Ventricular gallop B. Closure of the mitral valve C. Closure of the pulmonic valve D. Closure of the tricuspid valve E. Murmur - correct answers B, D A. Incorrect: To auscultate a ventricular gallop (an S3 sound), the nurse places the bell of the stethoscope at ech of the auscultatory sites. B. Correct: To auscultate the closure of the mitral valve, the nurse places the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the apex, or apical/mitral site, which is on the left midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space. C. Incorrect: To auscultate the closure of the pulmonic valve, the nurse places the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the aortic area, which is just to the right of the sternum at the second intercostal space. D. Correct: To auscultate the closure of the tricuspid valve, the nurse places the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the apex, or apical/mitral site, which is on the left midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space. E. Incorrect: To auscultate a murmur, the nurse places the bell of the stethoscope at various auscultatory sites. A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to auscultate and percuss a client's abdomen as part of a comprehensive physical examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A. Tympany B. High-pitched clicks C. Borborygmi D. Friction rubs E. Bruits - correct answers A, B A. Correct: Tympany is the expected drumlike percussion sound over the abdomen. It indicates air in the stomach. B. Correct: Typical bowel sounds are high-pitched clicks and gurgles occurring about 35 times/min. C. Incorrect: Borborygmi are unexpected loud, growling sounds that indicate increased gastrointestinal motility. Possible causes include diarrhea, anxiety, bowel inflammation, and reactions to some foods. D. Incorrect: Friction rubs result from the rubbing together of inflamed layers of the peritoneum and are unexpected findings. E. Incorrect: Bruits indicate narrowed blood vessels and are unexpected findings. A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to assess a client's skin as part of a comprehensive physical examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply) A. Capillary refill 2 seconds