Summary 7.0 Managing Data Resources Data files and databases Latest Verified Review 2023 Practice Questions and Answers for Exam Preparation, 100% Correct with Explanations, Highly Recommended, Download to Score A+

7.0 Managing Data Resources Data files and databases Latest Verified Review 2023 Practice Questions and Answers for Exam Preparation, 100% Correct with Explanations, Highly Recommended, Download to Score A+ 7.0 Managing Data Resources Data files and databases The purpose of secondary storage is to store information. This information could be stored in databases. We put a lot of effort in the design of databases so that we could retrieve information easily. Also, so that with little or no programming we can obtain the information that we need. To store and process information, data are organized into a hierarchy as follows:  Bit: The term is bit is short form for binary digit. It can assume either of two possible states and therefore can represent either 0 or 1.  Byte: The ability to represent only binary digits bits in a computer system is not sufficient for business information processing. Alphanumeric characters and special characters such as dollar signs, question marks, and quotation marks, must be stored. In a computer system a character of information is called a byte. A byte of information is stored by using several bits in a specified combination called bit patterns.  Field or Item: A field or item of data is one or more bytes that contain data about an attribute of an entity in the information system. An entity in a payroll system is an individual employee. Attributes are the employee’s name, pay rate, and so on. The basic pay is a field or item of data.  Record: A record is a collection of fields relating to a specific entity. For example, a payroll record contains fields of data relating to a specific employee. The field that identifies a record from all other records in a file is the record key. For example, the record key in a payroll record is usually the employee’s number because it is different for each employee.  File: A file is a collection of related records. For example, the collection of payroll records for all employees in a company is a payroll file.  Data Base: A database consists of all the files of an organization, structured and integrated to facilitate update of the files and retrieval of information from them. Files are logically related. It enables end users to view data from different files at the same time.