Summary Problems of Pastoral Communities at southern Ethiopia Latest Verified Review 2023 Practice Questions and Answers for Exam Preparation, 100% Correct with Explanations, Highly Recommended, Download to Score A+

Problems of Pastoral Communities at southern Ethiopia Latest Verified Review 2023 Practice Questions and Answers for Exam Preparation, 100% Correct with Explanations, Highly Recommended, Download to Score A+ Problems of Pastoral Communities at southern Ethiopia Thank you Mr. chairman for giving me this chance. My name is Genet Jarso and I am from Ethiopia. I represent Borana, Guji and Gabra pastoral communities that live in Borana and Guji Zones of Oromia Regional State in the southern Ethiopia. These are Oromo groups, which traditionally specialize in mobile pastoralism. They keep varieties of livestock species such as cattle, camels, small stocks and equines. Like many pastoral groups of Eastern Africa, these communities live in areas that are arid or semi-arid with low precipitation and erratic rainfall. Moreover, the area is prone to frequent droughts that often affect the pastoralists and their livestock. Together, the population of these three communities is estimated around 2 million. Quite a significant population of Borana and Gabra communities also live across the border in northern Kenya. With this brief background, I will highlight major problems that these pastoral communities face by focusing particular attention on insecurity of customary resource tenure rights. The pastoral groups of the region traditionally depend on the common property resources consisting of pasture, water and mineral licks. Each has management rules that regulate access and responsibilities. Customarily, land is the collective property of the pastoralists and managed according to specific rules. Pastoralists are confronted with many natural as well as man-made problems but I will focus only on the latter. In Ethiopia, the man-made problems that pastoralists are facing have their roots in the relationship between the pastoralists and the state in a historical perspective. Pastoralists have always been left on the margin of development. The general public and the decision makers who come from the farming communities often misconceive their production system, particularly mobility and flexible land use systems. (Among other things, pastoralists are said to be wanderers, engaged in habitual moving without aim.) The second problem is that their lands are often taken from them by the states or private schemes because the latter think that the land is empty. These have resulted in displacement of pastoral communities leading to livelihoods crises. In general pastoralists share all of these problems and in fact, the customary resource tenure rights have come under serious threats. Mr. Chairman let me give some practical examples from the community I am representing: