DVA3703 EXAM PACK 2023

DVA3703
EXAM
PACK 2023

,DVA3703
EXAM PACK
2023
LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

,Table of contents




Question 1


1.1 Introduction...................................................................... 3

1.2 Definition: Civil society..................................................... 3

1.3 Role of civil society........................................................... 3 - 7

1.4 Conclusion........................................................................ 7




Question 2


2.1 Introduction...................................................................... 8

2.2 Agenda setting................................................................. 8 - 9

2.3 Decision-making.............................................................. 9 - 10

2.4 Policy implementation...................................................... 10 - 12

2.5 Policy review, evaluation and reformulation.................... 12 - 13

2.6 Conclusion...................................................................... 13




List of sources.................................................................... 14


Honesty declaration........................................................... 15

, Question 1




In many instances government ignores the rights of the vulnerable and

marginalized and or implements policies that are not suitable for the

beneficiary. In most cases these beneficiaries are not educated about

their rights, and this allows the state to violate the people’s

fundamental rights and it is in these situations where the vulnerable

and marginalized needs a voice to stand and speak on their behalf.

Such issues are caused by policy actors during the agenda setting who

promote their interest over the needs of the beneficiaries (Top-down

approach). In my essay I will highlight the significant roles of civil

society participation in development policy making.


“Civil society more or less refers to the particular political space in

which voluntary associations (including non-governmental actors)

operate to shape the rules that govern their daily lives” (Du Plessis &

Kotze 2016:68). This shows that civil society is not limited to only

NGOs and NPOs, but it also involves different groups of actors who are

able to build political and economic democracy for example: the church

or religious groups, labour and trade unions, political parties and the

media. Du Plessis and Kotze (2016:68).


A civil society consists of groups or organisations working in the best

interest of their citizens, however they operate externally from


government. Some of these organisations provide significant services