Essentials of Geology 5th Edition By Stephen - Test Bank

,CHAPTER 01: The Earth in Context


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Our Sun belongs to a galaxy known as ________.
a. Andromeda c. the Milky Way
b. Cepheus d. the Stratosphere
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Remembering

2. The ________ theory states that the Universe is continually growing.
a. Big Bang c. nebular expansion
b. expanding universe d. heliocentric
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Remembering

3. ________ is the study of the history and structure of the Universe.
a. Geology c. Physics
b. Geophysics d. Cosmology
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Remembering

4. Compared to our Sun, first-generation stars tend to be ________.
a. larger in mass and cooler c. smaller in mass and cooler
b. larger in mass and hotter d. smaller in mass and hotter
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Understanding

5. Atoms that are heavier than iron are generally produced by ________.
a. fission reactions within stars c. explosions of supernovas
b. fusion reactions within stars d. the Big Bang
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.4
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Understanding

6. Using the image below of an atom, where are the protons located?

, a. A c. C
b. B d. D
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Box 1.1
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Applying

7. If the temperature of a material is raised so high that electrons become stripped from atoms, what is
formed?
a. a gas c. a liquid
b. a plasma d. a solid
ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Box 1.1
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Applying

8. Which of the following bodies is the smallest?
a. planet c. protoplanet
b. star d. planetesimal
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 1.4
OBJ: Understand modern concepts concerning the basic architecture of our Universe and its
components. MSC: Analyzing

9. In the heliocentric model, ________.
a. Earth orbits around the Sun c. Earth is a stationary planet
b. the Sun orbits around Earth d. all planets orbit Earth
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Remembering

10. The Jovian planets are ________.
a. Mars, Mercury, and Venus c. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
b. Mars, Venus, and Jupiter d. Mars and Saturn
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.2

, OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Remembering

11. The Sun was created at the center of the accretionary disk when the temperature became high enough
for ________ to occur.
a. fusion c. combustion
b. fission d. radiation
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Understanding

12. The planets orbit the Sun along the ________ plane.
a. orbital c. ecliptic
b. concentric d. rotational
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Understanding

13. Terrestrial planets are mainly composed of ________ while Jovian planets are made dominantly
of ________.
a. volatiles; rock and metals
b. rock and metals; volatiles
c. refractory materials; volatiles and metals
d. volatiles and metals; refractory materials
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Understanding

14. An important contribution made by Copernicus is his (correct) assertion that the ________.
a. Earth is spherical
b. Sun is the center of the whole Universe
c. Sun is the center of Earth’s orbit
d. Earth is the center of the Universe
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Applying

15. The image below represents which model of the solar system?




a. lunarcentric c. geocentric
b. electrocentric d. heliocentric
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Understand the character of our Solar System. MSC: Applying