BIOL201 Week 16 Cumulative Final Exam (Winter 2023)

1. Question: The formation of a new organism from parent organisms in order to continue the line of the organism is related to which function of life? 2. Question: This is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates? 3. Question: What is the metabolic process by which larger, more complex substances are broken down into smaller, simpler molecules? 4. Question: Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and iron are all examples of what? 5. Question: What are the tiny functioning units found within the cytoplasm called? 6. Question: Most of the chemical reactions in the body are facilitated by which of the following? 7. Question: A saturated fatty acid has the maximum number of which atoms in its chain? 8. Question: CH4 is methane and what type of compound? 9. Question: When an atom donates an electron to another atom, it becomes what? 10. Question: A molecule of ammonia contains one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. These are linked with which of the following? 11. Question: Since the liver cells detoxify drugs, they most likely have an abundance of ​. 12. Question: During which set of events are amino acids assembled into protein? 13. Question: What is the fluid matrix inside the cell is called? 14. Question: What is a primary function of tumor suppressor genes? 15. Question: Why is DNA replication said to be "semiconservative"? 16. Question: Atrophy refers to ​. 17. Question: Which of these is a single layer of thin, flattened cells that allow rapid diffusion or transport of substances through membrane; secretes lubricating serous fluid; found lining the air sacs of the lungs, kidneys tubules; and some other viscera? 18. Question: Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissues? 19. Question: Which of the following is NOT released during inflammation? 20. Question: Our blood vessels are lined with muscles that allow for automatic dilation and constriction based on environmental situations. What kind of muscle tissue lines the blood vessels? 21. Question: Which of the following voltages would most likely be measured during the relative refractory period? 22. Question: Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell? 23. Question: Which of the following is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest? 24. Question: Various chemical methods work together to maintain what is called the normal resting membrane potential difference between the inside and the outside of each neuron. This resting membrane potential is ____ . 25. Question: The resting membrane potential is primarily due to the differences in concentrations of which ions? 26. Question: The nervous system uses which of the following types of intercellular communication? 27. Question: The adrenal gland consists of an outer cortex of ​tissue and an inner medulla of ​tissue. 28. Question: How can the anterior part of the pituitary gland control the secretion of thyroid hormones? 29. Question: Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true? 30. Question: Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone? 31. Question: Which of the following statements about insulin is true? 32. Question: How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? 33. Question: One of the major functions of the adrenal glands is to respond to ______. 34. Question: The signaling done by the endocrine system is accomplished by the use of chemicals called ​. 35. Question: The female's uterus secretes the following hormone: 36. Question: Which of the following statements about the internal structure of the heart is/are correct? 37. Question: One of the most important ways of investigating the function of the heart is called the "cardiac output." Which of the following facts is/are true? 38. Question: The arteries that supply blood to the myocardium of the heart are called: 39. Question: Which of the following statements about valves in the heart is/are true? 40. Question: A cardiac muscle cell is: 41. Question: Which of the following statements is/are true? 42. Question: Which of the following statements are considered to be normal? 43. Question: When a coronary artery is totally obstructed to any one portion of the heart muscle, what occurs? 44. Question: The specific fibers which spread the electrical impulse to the cardiac muscle fibers are called: 45. Question: Which of the following statements about the circulatory system is/are correct? 46. Question: How many molecules of oxygen can one molecule of hemoglobin carry? 47. Question: Which of the following are ways CO2 is transported in the blood? Question 47 48. Question: Under normal circumstances, bronchoconstriction is caused by ​and bronchodilation is caused by ​. 49. Question: ​percent of CO2 is transported to the lungs bound by hemoglobin. 50. Question: What is the name of the muscular structure which borders the right and left lung inferiorly? 51. Question: Which statement is correct regarding internal or external respiration? 52. Question: The act of moving the air in and out of the lungs is referred to as which of the following? 53. Question: What would happen if the body allowed us to exhale all of the air out of our lungs? 54. Question: Which of the following are some of the functions of the respiratory system? 55. Question: Which cell is responsible for picking up oxygen to transport to tissues throughout the body? 56. Question: The ​secretes ​into the ​. 57. Question: How many lobes does the liver have? Question 58. Question: Which of the following is not considered an accessory organ of digestion? 59. Question: The stomach is protected from self-digestion by the ​. When this breaks down, ​can form and be painful. 60. Question: The ​is where chemical digestion begins. 61. Question: Food makes its way from the esophagus into the stomach. Before passing into the stomach it must go through the ​. 62. Question: Mechanical digestion occurs when food is broken into smaller pieces, but the chemical makeup of the food does not change. The following is associated with mechanical digestion except ​. 63. Question: Where are carbohydrates first digested? 64. Question: Which organ below produces bile for use in digestion? 65. Question: In which organ below does the majority of digestion occur? 66. Question: The principle task of the nephron population is to balance the plasma to homeostatic set points and excrete potential toxins in the urine. They do this by: 67. Question: If a person's kidneys are not functioning properly, that person may be in what is called renal failure. The symptoms of this condition include: 68. Question: Which hormone does the kidney produce that stimulates red blood cell production? 69. Question: Diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus in very poor control would most likely be indicated by ​. 70. Question: The renal ​is the entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys. 71. Question: Urine that is produced in the kidney will follow the following pathway before it is expelled outward: 72. Question: Which of these beverages does not contain diuretic compounds? 73. Question: Peristaltic contractions occur in the ​. 74. Question: One of the many functions of the kidneys is to regulate renin release from the weak juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole. What then occurs? 75. Question: Mechanisms by which substances move across membranes for reabsorption or secretion include ​.