NURS 5334 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

NURS 5334 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 1. What drugs are used to treat gestational diabetes? Metformin and Insulin 2. What A1C value indicates diabetes mellitus? Pre-DM? 6.5% or greater is considered diabetes 5.7-6.4% pre-diabetes 3. What fasting and random values indicate DM? Fasting plasma glucose—126 or greater is diabetes Random (casual) plasma glucose—anything greater than 200 is diabetes 4. What are complications of insulin therapy? Hypoglycemia Can develop lipohypertrophy  Accumulation of subcutaneous fat that occurs when it is injected too frequently at the same site Allergic reactions  Characterized by red and intensely itchy welts, breathing becomes difficult  If severe allergy develops: -Desensitization procedure (small doses to larger doses) Hypokalemia  Promotes the uptake of potassium cells and insulin activates a membrane-bound enzyme with sodium potassium and ATPase that pumps potassium into the cells and sodium out 5. Drug interactions? Hypoglycemic agents  Can intensify the hypoglycemia included by insulin  Examples: sulfonylureas, glinides, alcohol Use with caution with hyperglycemic agents  Examples: thiazide and glucocorticoids and sympathomimetics 6. What effect do beta blockers have on insulin?  delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia by masking the signs that are associated with stimulation of sympathetic nervous system  Impair glycogenolysis  Prevent the bodies counter-regulatory response 7. What are other therapeutic uses besides DM?  Hyperkalemia  Aids in diagnosis of GH deficiency  Diabetic ketoacidosis 8. Insulin dosage must be coordinated with what? Carbohydrate intake