10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Pneumonia goals of treatment
- Return to baseline respiratory status
- Fever resolves in 2 to 4 days
- Leukocytosis resolves by day 4 of treatment
- Chest x-ray may take 4 weeks or more to return
Common bacterial pathogens of Adult pneumonia
- S. pneumoniae
- Patients with underlying lung disease
- Nontypeable Haemophilus influenza and Moraxella catarrhalis
- Staph aureus: co-pathogen with influenza
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Viral pneumonia
Common bacterial pathogens of Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia
- Consult current treatment guidelines for the most recent
treatment guidelines for community acquired pneumonia (CAP)
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
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,10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Common bacterial pathogens of CAP in pregnant women
- Main pathogens are S. pneumoniae
- H. influenzae, M. pneumoniae, and viruses
- Macrolides
- Pregnancy category B: erythromycin, azithromycin
- Pregnancy category category C: clarithromycin
- Comorbid conditions or recent antibiotics:
- Beta-lactam plus a macrolide
Common pediatric pneumonia pathogens
- S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia
in patients of all ages
- Increase in viral pneumonia with PCV7 vaccine
- Infants 4 to 16 weeks
- Consider chlamydia
- Over 5 years through adolescence
- Consider mycoplasma
- Community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 2/57
,10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
- Virus
Clinical practice guidelines for treatment of CAP
- Children under age 5 years
- Bacterial pneumonia (S. pneumoniae)
- Amoxicillin: 80 to 90 mg/kg/day
- Ceftriaxone: 50 mg/kg/day until able to take oral antibiotics
- Penicillin allergy: clindamycin or a macrolide
- Infant with suspected chlamydial pneumonia
- Azithromycin 20 mg/kg/day for 3 days OR erythromycin (EryPed)
50 mg/kg for 14 days
- Children 5 Years or Older
- Mycoplasma or other atypical most likely
- Azithromycin: 10 mg/kg on day 1 and 5 mg/kg on days 2 through 5
- Clarithromycin: 15 mg/kg per day in two divided doses (maximum 1
g/day)
- Erythromycin: 40 to 50 mg/kg/day
CAP treatment in pregnancy
- abx treatment:
- 1st choice: Erythromycin or azithromycin cat B. or Clarythromycin cat C.
Radiologic findings during CAP treatment
- assist in confirming the dx of pneumonia vs other resp disorders such
as lung abscess or tuberculosis
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 3/57
, 10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia
- he standard treatment for infants is erythomycin
Nicotine patch teaching
- Advise patients to dispose of used nicotine patches out of the reach of
children or animals. Enough nicotine is left in a used patch to lead to
toxic levels in a child or small animal.
- The transdermal nicotine system, or "patch," provides a slow,
cutaneous absorption of nicotine over many hours. The patch is applied
to clean, nonhairy skin on the upper body or upper arm when the
patient wakes up. Peak nicotine levels occur in 2 to 6 hours (brand-
dependent) and then gradually decrease. Once the patch is removed,
nicotine levels in the blood reach a nondetectable level in 10 to 12 hours
in nonsmokers.
Nicotine gum patient teaching
- Patients complain about the taste of the nicotine gum. Suggest that
the patient try the flavored variety, which patients seem to tolerate
better.
- The patient should not eat or drink for 15 minutes before or while the
lozenge is dissolving in the mouth. There may be a tingling sensation
in the mouth as the lozenge dissolves.
- Chewing too quickly causes an excess amount of nicotine to be released
into the bloodstream, producing nausea, throat irritation, and
hiccoughs. The patient should avoid
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 4/57
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Pneumonia goals of treatment
- Return to baseline respiratory status
- Fever resolves in 2 to 4 days
- Leukocytosis resolves by day 4 of treatment
- Chest x-ray may take 4 weeks or more to return
Common bacterial pathogens of Adult pneumonia
- S. pneumoniae
- Patients with underlying lung disease
- Nontypeable Haemophilus influenza and Moraxella catarrhalis
- Staph aureus: co-pathogen with influenza
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Viral pneumonia
Common bacterial pathogens of Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia
- Consult current treatment guidelines for the most recent
treatment guidelines for community acquired pneumonia (CAP)
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 1/57
,10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Common bacterial pathogens of CAP in pregnant women
- Main pathogens are S. pneumoniae
- H. influenzae, M. pneumoniae, and viruses
- Macrolides
- Pregnancy category B: erythromycin, azithromycin
- Pregnancy category category C: clarithromycin
- Comorbid conditions or recent antibiotics:
- Beta-lactam plus a macrolide
Common pediatric pneumonia pathogens
- S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia
in patients of all ages
- Increase in viral pneumonia with PCV7 vaccine
- Infants 4 to 16 weeks
- Consider chlamydia
- Over 5 years through adolescence
- Consider mycoplasma
- Community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 2/57
,10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
- Virus
Clinical practice guidelines for treatment of CAP
- Children under age 5 years
- Bacterial pneumonia (S. pneumoniae)
- Amoxicillin: 80 to 90 mg/kg/day
- Ceftriaxone: 50 mg/kg/day until able to take oral antibiotics
- Penicillin allergy: clindamycin or a macrolide
- Infant with suspected chlamydial pneumonia
- Azithromycin 20 mg/kg/day for 3 days OR erythromycin (EryPed)
50 mg/kg for 14 days
- Children 5 Years or Older
- Mycoplasma or other atypical most likely
- Azithromycin: 10 mg/kg on day 1 and 5 mg/kg on days 2 through 5
- Clarithromycin: 15 mg/kg per day in two divided doses (maximum 1
g/day)
- Erythromycin: 40 to 50 mg/kg/day
CAP treatment in pregnancy
- abx treatment:
- 1st choice: Erythromycin or azithromycin cat B. or Clarythromycin cat C.
Radiologic findings during CAP treatment
- assist in confirming the dx of pneumonia vs other resp disorders such
as lung abscess or tuberculosis
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 3/57
, 10/19/23, 2:28 PM Stuvia 891539 nr 566 nr566 advanced pharmacology care of the family mi…
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia
- he standard treatment for infants is erythomycin
Nicotine patch teaching
- Advise patients to dispose of used nicotine patches out of the reach of
children or animals. Enough nicotine is left in a used patch to lead to
toxic levels in a child or small animal.
- The transdermal nicotine system, or "patch," provides a slow,
cutaneous absorption of nicotine over many hours. The patch is applied
to clean, nonhairy skin on the upper body or upper arm when the
patient wakes up. Peak nicotine levels occur in 2 to 6 hours (brand-
dependent) and then gradually decrease. Once the patch is removed,
nicotine levels in the blood reach a nondetectable level in 10 to 12 hours
in nonsmokers.
Nicotine gum patient teaching
- Patients complain about the taste of the nicotine gum. Suggest that
the patient try the flavored variety, which patients seem to tolerate
better.
- The patient should not eat or drink for 15 minutes before or while the
lozenge is dissolving in the mouth. There may be a tingling sensation
in the mouth as the lozenge dissolves.
- Chewing too quickly causes an excess amount of nicotine to be released
into the bloodstream, producing nausea, throat irritation, and
hiccoughs. The patient should avoid
NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Care of the
Family Midterm Exam | Rated A | Latest, |
Chamberlain College
about:blank 4/57
