Advanced Pathophysiology UTMB 5355 EXAM 2: Exam | 123 Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

Oncogenes - cancer causing genes, promote uncontrolled growth of cells Proto-oncogenes - promote normal cell growth factor and division If proto-oncogenes are mutated the become - - Oncogenes Tumor Supressor Genes (TSGs) are - Antioncogenes antioncogenes - inhibit tumor progression & prevent mutations Cancer develops with increase in - and decrease in - - oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes What are the 2 main types of Tumor Suppressor Genes? - Gatekeepers & Caretakers tumor suppressor genes - encode proteins that inhibit growth, prevent and repair mutations but if mutated will increase cancer risk Gatekeeper - regulate cell proliferation, cell type specific, normally prevent uncontrolled growth and potential progression of cancer Caretaker - suppress gene mutations, repair DNA, if not functioning correctly mutation can occur How does chronic inflammation cause cancer? - Inflammation increases free radicals and reactive oxygen species which promote mutationinterfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress, obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. - Pro-inflammatory cytokines