PATHOPHYSIOLOGY INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES 2ND EDITION

Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct? 1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions. 2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment. 3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment. 4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two potassium ions. 2. What is the process in which glucose is used to create energy? 1. Autolysis 2. Glycolysis 3. Heterolysis 4. None of the above 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism? 1. 2 2. 3 3. 34 4. None of the above 4. Which cell organelles are believed to have once been self-sustaining and independent? 1. Ribosomes 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribonucleic acid 4. Deoxyribonucleic acid 5. Why is more energy produced when a person is exercising? 1. There is an increase in the synthesis of protein. 2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells. 3. There is an increase in the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid. 4. There is an increase in the production of mitochondria in the muscle cells. 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease? 1. During endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress 2. During the synthesis of ATP 3. During severe hypoxic state 4. During the processing of prohormone 7. The cellular organelle responsible for propelling mucous and inhaled debris out of the lungs is 1. cilia. 2. microfilament. 3. secretory vesicle. 4. endoplasmic reticulum.