Ophthalmology Exam questions with correct answers

things to consider in pt with changes in visual acuity Correct Answer --sudden or gradual? -unilateral or bilateral? (bilateral tends to be gradual, sudden unilateral) -painful or painless-- sudden painful unilateral vision loss warrants urgent referral or ER vs rapid onset painless vision loss related to meds reasons for sudden UNILATERAL changes in visual acuity-- PAINFUL Correct Answer --issues of cornea, anterior chamber: -*corneal ulcer*- open sore on cornea -*uveitis*- inflammation of middle layer of eye -*traumatic hyphema*- blood in anterior chamber -*acute narrow angle glaucoma* -optic neuritis- inflammation of optic nerve reasons for sudden UNILATERAL changes in visual acuity-- PAINLESS Correct Answer --*vitreous hemorrhage*- bleed into vitreous humor, can be from diabetes (incr vasc) or trauma -*macular degeneration*- eye disease that causes (usually more gradual) vision loss, normal with aging -*retinal detachment*- retina pulls away from choroid layer--> blind spot -*retinal vein occlusion*- atherosclerosis -*central retinal artery occlusion* patterns of change in visual acuity