BONENT STAR REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED TO PASS

What is the job of a Patient Care Technician (PCT)? - To monitor patient care and assist patient in recieving safe andeffective dialysis. What is CKD? - Chronic Kidney Disease What is the main goal of dialysis treatment? - To acheive the highest level of wellness possible by removing wastes and excess liquid from the blood. Who makes up the dialysis team - Technicians,Nurses, Dieticians, Social Workers, Doctors & Patients. What are some factors which affect one's overall health? - Age, Activity Level, Treatment Plan, Other Illness & Support System. Which are the two most common types of Dialysis? - Periotoneal (PD) and Hemodialysis (HD). How is ESRD treated? - Dialysis What 3 functions does dialysis replace? - 1. Removes wastes from blood, 2. Removes excess fluid, 3. Balaces electrolyes. What are electroyles? - Electrolytes are the salts in the body. The most common salts are sodium ions, potassium ions, and chloride ions that carry an electrical charge. Why are electrolytes important? - The electrolytes in the blood serum produce an electrical charge, which permit cells to preform their normal functions. what happens if the electrical charges amongst the electrolyes become unbalanced? - The nerve and muscle cells within the body, including the brain, may fail to conduct nerve impulses, leading to cramps and confusion. Further electrolyte imbalances can lead to heart failure, siezures or water retention. What is an Ion? - An electrically charged particle What is a dialyzer? - A synthetic or organic devise that serves as the artificial kidney. It has a blood compartment and a dialysate compartment. What does the dialyzer permit? - It allows for the counterflow of dialysate and blood, which are seperated by a semipermiable membrane or hollow microfibers. Describe the flow of fluids through the dialyzer. - Blood flows through the microfibers (blood compartment) and dialysate flows around the microfibers (dialysate compartment). What is a semipermiable membrane? - A barrier with microscopic pores which allow for the passage of some substances but not others, depending on size. In (HD) Hemodialysis, what is the delivery system? - The dialysis machine. What does the delivery system control? - Blood flow (Extraction and Return), Saftey Parameters, Dialysate Mixing and the Delivery of Dialysate. Typically, how often is HD preformed? - Three times per week, 4 hours each treatment. How much kidney function does (HD) dialysis replace? - About 15% of kidney function is restored through Hemodialysis. Can HD be done independantly at home? - Yes, short treatments 5 to 6 times per week or longer treatments at night 3-7 days a week. When was the first CELLULOSIC MEMBRANE used for dialysis? - In 1943, by Willem Kolff in a rotating drum. The greatest advancements in primitive dialysis were made during which three year period? - The Korean War Who created the "shunt"? - (1960) Dr. B. Scribner