DIALYSIS TECHNICIAN EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

What foods are high in phosphorus - Dairy, Meats, Nuts, Peanuts, Dried Beans & Peas, Whole Grains, Chocolate, Colas What foods are high in potassium - Avocados, Mangos, Bananas, Orange Juice, Dried Fruit, Cantaloupe, Dried Peas, Beans, Tomato Sauce, & Potatoes What are the two hemodialysis delivery systems? - Extracorpeal (blood) & Dialysate During dialysis, ultrfiltration occurs when: - Water is removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient across a membrane What are the hemodialysis treatment options? - In-Center, Nocturnal, Short Daily What development in dialysis came first? - Dr. Kolff's rotating drum What is the definition for dry-weight? - Post-dialysis weight at which all or most excess fluid has been removed How are clinics paid by Medicare for dialysis? - Composite Rate The primary cause of the anemia of ESRD is: - Erythropoietin Deficiency What isn't a component of the Extracorpeal Circuit? - Blood Leak Detector What waste product of muscle metabolism is removed by healthy kidneys? - Creatinine What line is a negative pressure? - Arterial What is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease for adults in the U.S.? - Diabetes What are the symptoms of puritis? - Itching Why must water used for dialysate be treated? - Dialysis patients are exposed to large volumes of water during dialysis What is the U.V. light and what does it do? - Invisible radiation that destroys microorganisms Which patients may benefit from an increased bicarbonate concentration? - Poorly compliant with regards to fluid intake If an air embolism occurs, how should a patient be placed? - Trendelenberg on the left side What symptom is "cherry pop" colored blood? - Hemolysis When does first-use syndrome usually appear? - 15-30 minutes of starting treatment What are the two main types of dialysis? - Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis What is the functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work? - Nephron Severe chest pain and dyspnea are symptoms of what? - Air Embolism What are the symptoms of first use syndrome? - Back pain 15 minutes into treatment What are symptoms of anemia? - Weak, Syanotic, Dizzy What are three signs or symptoms of an access infection? - Drainage, Fever, Swelling What is the pressure across the dialyzer membrane? - TMP -Transmembrane Pressure What are the symptoms of an air embolism? - Shortness of breath, Coughing, Confusion What is a long-term complications of a fistulae? - Thrombosis What are the symptoms of a pyrogen reaction? - Fever, Chills What are the symptoms of disequilibrium syndrome? - Headache What would a rapid pulse of 104 beats per minute indicate? - Tachycardia What does infiltration mean? - A needle tip that punctures a vessel and goes out the other side, so blood escapes into the tissues According to AAMI standards, when should bacteriologic testing for water and dialysate take place? - Monthly What is the first step in the port/catheter pre-dialysis assessment? - Assessing the ease of heparin removal and saline flushing before connecting bloodlines What would be a cause of hypotension during and after dialysis? - Removing too much fluid How frequently should the carbon tanks be checked for chlorine and chloramines? - Each shift What complication can happen to grafts if the needle sites are not rotated? - Pseudoaneurysm What can cause a dialyzer membrane leak? - Any damage to the dialyzer What is included in the dialysate delivery system monitors? - Conductivity, pH, Flow Rate What is the measurement of ions or particles that carry an electrical charge known as? - Conductivity