Infection control- Case Study questions and answers well illustrated.

Infection control- Case Study questions and answers well illustrated. Microbes characteristics - correct answers.Warm/dark environments, food and moisture, oxygen or none 6 classifications of microorganisms - correct answers.Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi, Rickettsiae, Viruses, Helminths What is bacteria - correct answers.Simple, one-celled organisms that multiply rapidly Shape classification - correct answers.Cocci, bacilli, spirilla Cocci arrgangements - correct answers.Diplocci, streptococci,staphylococci Bacilli - correct answers.-Rod shaped -Occur singly, in pairs or in chains -May have a flagella -Ability to form spores (thick-wall capsule) Spirilla - correct answers.-Spiral or corkscrew shaped Protozoa - correct answers.-One-celled, animal-like organism -Found in decayed materials, animal feces, and contaminated water -May have flagella Fungi - correct answers.-Simple, plant-like organism -Live on dead, organic matter -Yeasts and mold Rickettsiae - correct answers.-Parasitic microorangism *cannot live outside the cells of another living organism -Transmitted to humans by the bites of insects Viruses - correct answers.-Smallest microorganism -Must be inside another living cell to reproduce -Spread by blood and body secretions -Viruses infecting animals can mutate to infect humans 3 major viruses - correct answers.Hepatitis B, C and AIDS/HIV Helminths - correct answers.-Worms and flukes -Multi-cellular parasites -Transmitted by: Eating contaminated food, being bitten by infects insects, and when worms enter through the skin Nosocomial(HAI) - correct answers.Acquired in a healthcare facility -Usually transmitted by a worker HAI - correct answers.Hospital acquired infection Opportunistic - correct answers.Infections that occur when the bodys immune system is weak Chain of infections (order) - correct answers.1. Infectious agent 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of exit 4. Mode of transmission 5. Port of entry 6. Susceptible host Levels of aseptic control - correct answers.-Antispeis: Prevent growth of pathogenic organisms -Disinfection: Process that destroys or kills pathogens -Sterilization: Process that destroys all microbes Types of sterilzation - correct answers.Chemicals, gas, radiation, steam under pressure (autoclave) Bioterrorism - correct answers.Use of microbes or biological agents as weapons to infect living organisms Biological agents - correct answers.-Microorgansim suitbale: Inexpensive, available, easily produces, hard to treat, spread through the air or contaminated food/water, and survives sunlight, drying and heat Top 6 biological agents - correct answers.Small pox, anthrax, plague, botulism, tulasemia, hemorrhage fever, ebola, masburg Bioterrorism act of 2002 - correct answers.Preparing must involve all levels of gov, early detection, and public notification Airborne - correct answers.Patients known/suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei