NREMT SIGNS/SYMPTOMS/CAUSES/TREATMENT

Emphysema - Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, possible weight loss Stroke - 1-sided weakness, partial/complete loss of the ability to use words, headache/confusion, dizziness, impaired vision, ^BP, unequal pupils and seizures Myocardial Infarction - Angina, Shortness of breath, dizzniess, feeling faint, nausea Hyperglycemia - Chronic Thirst/Hunger, dehydration, ^urination, nausea Tuberculosis - fever, night sweats, loss of energy/appetite, weight loss Pulmonary Edema - dyspnea, pale/sweaty, hypertension,tachycardia, crackles/wheezing, low SPO2 Pneumonia - fever/chills, green mucos, shortness of breath, (sharp/plueritic) chest pain, headache, crackling Treatment of Pulmonary edema - High o2 and CPAP Treatment of Pneumonia - o2 and transport Spontaneous Pneumothorax - tachycardia, low SPO2,cyanosis, wheezing, pain/swelling in 1 or both legs, lung sounds in injured lung,shortness of breath Treatment of Spontaneous Pneumothorax - May requires chest tube, o2, *CPAP is contraindicated* Pulmonary Embolism - chest pain, wheezing, pain/swelling in one or both legs, shortness of breath, cough/anxiety Epiglotitis - Sore throat/difficulty swallowing, stridor, tripod position, muffled voice Treatment of Epiglotitis - Keep patient comfortable/calm, high o2, transport, do not inspect throat Cystic Fibrosis - fatigue, frequent pneumonia, coughing up blood/copious mucous, chills, abdominal pain/distention Cystic Fibrosis - Treat inadequate breathing and transport Viral Respiratory Infection - infection of lungs, shortness of breath, coughing up yellow/green sputum, fever/chills Congestive Heart Failure - fever, cough (green/dark sputum), ^levels of CO2 in blood Treatment of COPD - o2: nasal cannula Appendicitis - Persistent RLQ Pain, pain in umbilical region, rupture of appendix: sudden severe pain Peritonitis - Abdominal pain and rigidity Cholecystitis - Sharp RUQ or epiglastic pain, pain in shoulder (females 30-50 age group) Pancreatitis - Epiglastic pain, pain in back or shoulder GI Bleeding - abnormal stool (dark black/maroon), vomiting "coffee grounds", slow loss of blood (chronic gastrointestinal hemorrage), blood from rectum Acute Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) - pulsating mass, vomiting, tearing pain from front to back, inequality in pedal pulses Treatment of AAA - Transport immediately S&S Anemia - pale,fatigue,shortness of breath Side effects of Epipen - ^heart rate, pallor/dizziness, chest pain, headache/anxiety, nausea, ^heart workload Inhaled poisons - dizziness, difficulty breathing, headache, nausea, cyanosis, AMS (altered mental status) Treatment for inhaled poisons - high flow of o2, patient history, physical exam, vitals, transport. *think of medical assessment skill* Alcohol Abuse - Swaying/slurred speech, slow reaction time, poor condition Alcohol withdrawls - gross tremors, profuse sweating, seizures, hypertension, tachycardia Substance Abuse - Shaking, anxiety, hallucinations, ^pulse and breathing noises, confusion/irritability, nausea Treatment for substance abuse - physical exam, look for track marks, transport ASAP Renal Failure - severe dehydration Treatment of missed dialysis - ABC's, o2 w/NRB @15lpm, monitor, transport, supine/warm (treat for shock) Hypoglycemia - AMS (altered mental status), drunken stupor, pale/sweaty, tachycardiaseizures Causes: HYPOglycemia - blood sugar, too much insulin, not enough food, overexterts (exercise) Treatment: HYPOglycemia - Oral glucose and transport Aneurysm - Headache, blurred vision, pass out, comma/death may occur Treatment for Aneurysm - diuretic medications that removes fluid from circulatory system Congestive Heart Failure - tachycardia, dyspnea, ^blood pressure, diaphoresis, pulmonary edema, pedal edema, engorged pulsating neck veins, enlarged liver and spleen w/distention, anxiety/confusion due to hypoxia