NREMT PARAMEDIC EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS VERIFIED CORRECT

Crenation - Shrinking of a cell due to osmosis. Hemolysis - Breaking of a cell. Atrophy (of a cell) - Also involves the shrinking of a cell, but is not due to an osmotic force, and is usually due to tissue breakdown. Hypertrophy (of a cell) - Enlarging or thickening of a cell. Class 1 research - Most reliable and valid, it is the highest and best for citation, research and policy development is derived from prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind studies. Class 2 research - Biased, non-randomized, or retrospective studies with weaker evidence. Class 3 research - Case studies, medical opinions, or consensus documents. Clinical research - Focuses on improving pt outcomes. Evidence-based research - Aims to improve medical practices. Descriptive statistics - Describes a phenomenon. Inferential statistics - Can use information learned in the groups to make predictions about the general public. Pandemic disease - Meets two criteria, number 1 is it affects many people across a large region, and number 2, is the disease is infectious in nature. Trigeminal nerve - 5th cranial nerve, it is responsible for chewing and facial sensation. Oculomotor nerve - 3rd cranial nerve, controls eye movement. Olfactory nerve - 1st cranial nerve, controls sense of smell. Where do you cric someone? - Inferior to the thyroid cartilage, and superior to the cricoid cartilage is the cricothyroid ligament (or membrane). EMS systems do not rely on mobile phones only for long distance communication why? - It can be overwhelmed, esp in a MCI. What is the drug name most health care workers use? - Generic. You have a neonate who is bradycardic at 48bpm, what should you do first? - Begin compressions. What is the antidote for a tylenol OD? - Mucomyst. A pt who is in cardiac arrest and is intubated should get how many breaths per minute? - 10, one breath every 6 seconds. A pt has pinpoint pupils caused by a morphine OD, why does morphine cause that? - Causes parasympathetic simulation which constricts the eyes. What shouldn't you do with transdermal patches? - Never rub it into the skin. While trying to intubate the paramedic sees a foreign object just distal to the vocal cords, what should they do? - Attempt to remove it with the magill forceps. What is the antidote for magnesium toxicity? - Calcium gluconate. What change in the elderly will have the greatest impact on paramedics? - Decrease in creatinine clearance (kidney function). What will paramedics see on the monitor for a pt with WPW? - Slurring of the QRS complex known as the delta wave. Which heart valve is usually the first to go? - The bicuspid valve. Why are high-velocity bullets more dangerous than medium velocity? - They cause cavitation which can create more damage. What is something you can do to identify crush syndrome? - Do an EKG, and look for hyperkalemia (widening QRS and peaked T waves). What is kernig sign? - It is suspected with meningitis, and it is when the pt is having difficulty extending the lower leg in the flexed position. Gastritis - Sudden onset shortly after eating, abd pain, irritates the stomach, tender abd. What pulmonary issue can affect the lungs unilaterally? - Pulmonary embolism Tilt test - 20/10/20 rule, a decrease in systolic bp of 20, an increase in pulse of 20, and an increase in diastolic bp of 10. Used to determines pt level of hydration. Testicular Torsion - Testicular torsion is an emergency because blood supply to the testes has been reduced due to twisting of the spermatic cord, vessels, and testicles. It commonly occurs in prepubescent boys whose scrotal sac is growing to accommodate the soon-to-enlarge testes. Chronic hypertension usually results in what kind of stroke? - Hemorrhagic Providing no contraindications exist, what should be the first attempt of intubation? - Visual laryngoscopy A patient with a destructive pulmonary disease resulting in alveolar damage will likely have a detrimental change in which one of the lung volumes listed below? - Residual volume, has a hard time expelling all the air, leading in higher CO2 levels What form of noninvasive pressure support ventilation allows the spontaneously breathing patient to exhale against a lower pressure than she is being aided with upon inspiration? - BiPap