BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2023/2024 QUESTION & SOLUTIONS.

BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2023/2024 QUESTION & SOLUTIONS. Biochemistry - Answer study of living organisms by understanding how organisms arise from complex interactions of different biomolecules creation of life - Answer involvement of the big bang, creation of a second generation universe, planetary systems, and much heavier elemental composition element - Answer basic substance that cannot be broken down into anything more basic (cannot be chemically changed) macromolecules - Answer large molecules made of smaller subunits of simple organic molecules called monomers monomers - Answer form a chain called a polymer, links are always based on a condensation reaction Nucleic acids - Answer have a ribose sugar, a phosphate group on the 5' C, and a base on the 1' C - made of C, H, O, N, and P Proteins - Answer made of 20 different amino acids as the building blocks, each differing in chemical structure and properties - made of C, H, O, N, and S protein backbone - Answer composed of an amino group and a carboxyl group with a varying R group denoting the chemical properties Carbohydrates - Answer have sugars/saccharides as their building block, such as glucose - made of C, H, O Glucose - Answer has only one sugar ring structure Sucrose and lactose - Answer disaccharides which have 2 different types of sugars kept together by a covalent condensation bond Complex carbohydrates (cellulose) - Answer made of thousands of monomers Cell membrane - Answer keeps the inside separate from the outside, keeping them isolated - selectively permeable and is composed of phospholipids importance of the membrane - Answer defines the external boundaries of the cell, controls molecular traffic, compartmentalizes and segregates a-specific processes/components, hot spot for cell-to-cell communication and energy conservation