HESI MEDSURG EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2019 QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE

A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most significant in the development of this client's COPD? C. The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per day. A 25-year-old client was admitted yesterday after a motor vehicle collision. Neurodiagnostic studies showed a basal skull fracture in the middle fossa. Assessment on admission revealed both halo and Battle signs. Which new symptom indicates that the client is likely to be experiencing a common life-threatening complication associated with a basal skull fracture? B. Oral temperature of 102° F The nurse is administering a nystatin suspension for stomatitis. Which instruction will the nurse provide to the client when administering this medication? A."Hold the medication in your mouth for a few minutes before swallowing it." A 62-year-old woman who lives alone tripped on a rug in her home and fractured her hip. Which predisposing factor most likely contributed to the fracture in the proximal end of her femur?- C. Osteoporosis resulting from declining hormone levels The nurse is observing an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) performing morning care for a bedridden client with Huntington disease. Which care measure is most important for the nurse to supervise? A. Oral care After attending a class on reducing cancer risk factors, a client selects bran flakes with 2% milk and orange slices from a breakfast menu. In evaluating the client's learning, the nurse affirms that the client has made good choices and makes what additional recommendation? A.Switch to skim milk. Which description of symptoms is characteristic of a client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)? B.Sudden, stabbing, severe pain over the lip and chin Based on the clinical manifestations of Cushing syndrome, which nursing intervention would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cushing syndrome? A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily. In caring for a client with acute diverticulitis, which assessment data warrants immediate nursing intervention? A. The client has a rigid hard abdomen and elevated WBC. A 63-year-old client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted for treatment of an ulcer on the heel of the left foot that has not healed with wound care. The nurse observes that the entire left foot is darker in color than the right foot. Which additional symptom should the nurse expect to find? A. Pedal pulses will be weak or absent in the left foot. During the change of shift report, the charge nurse reviews the infusions being received by clients on the oncology unit. The client receiving which infusion should be assessed first? C.Continuous epidural infusion of morphine The nurse is assessing a 75-year-old client for symptoms of hyperglycemia. Which symptom of hyperglycemia is an older adult most likely to exhibit? D.Infection The nurse is assessing a client who presents with jaundice. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to follow up? D. Elevated serum amylase and lipase levels A client with hypertension has been receiving ramipril (Altace), 5 mg PO, daily for 2 weeks and is scheduled to receive a dose at 0900. At 0830, the client's blood pressure is 120/70 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take? A.Administer the prescribed dose at the scheduled time. A client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) 2 years ago is regularly treated at a community hemodialysis facility. Before his scheduled dialysis treatment, which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse anticipate? B.Hypocalcemia Which statement reflects the highest priority nursing diagnosis for an older client recently admitted to the hospital for a new-onset cardiac dysrhythmia? D. Risk for injury related to syncope and confusion A female client who received a nephrotoxic drug is admitted with acute renal failure and asks the nurse if she will need dialysis for the rest of her life. Which pathophysiologic consequence should the nurse explain that supports the need for temporary dialysis until acute tubular necrosis subsides? D. Nephron obstruction The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow. Which assessment finding has the highest priority and requires immediate intervention? B.Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm A client is ready for discharge following the creation of an ileostomy. Which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching? C.Change the bag when the seal is broken. The nurse is performing hourly neurologic checks for a client with a head injury. Which new assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? A. A unilateral pupil that is dilated and nonreactive to light