CHLH 304 Exam 1 Questions & Answers Correct 100%

health behavior - Answer any activity undertaken by people to maintain or enhance their health, preventing health problems or achieving a positive body image preventative health behavior - Answer any activity undertaken by individuals who believe themselves to be healthy to prevent or detecting illness in an asymptomatic state. Theory - Answer a set of analytical principles or statements designed to structure our observation, understanding and explanation of the world Model - Answer involves a deliberate simplification of a phenomenon or a specific aspect of a phenomenon. Models need not be completely accurate representations of reality to have value. Difference between theory/model - Answer A model is descriptive, whereas a theory is explanatory as well as descriptive. Construct - Answer an idea containing various conceptual elements, typically one considered to be subjective and not necessarily based on empirical evidence. (e.g. social climate) Health-related behavior - Answer any action that is related to disease prevention, health maintenance, health improvement or health restoration whether voluntary or involuntary, whether for explicit health purposes or for other reasons (e.g. to comply with a law, out of habit etc) not smoking weed to pass a drug test, exercising every day because it's healthy health-directed behavior - Answer engaging in health behaviors for the direct purpose of maintaining, restoring, protecting or improving health. eating healthy/exercising because you had a heart attack or want to loose weight Key principles to individual models - Answer Assumption that health behaviors reflect expected value Behavioral motivation is a key influence Barriers to health-behavior experienced on an individual level Key Assumption of Health Belief Model - Answer People will engage in a health behavior when they believe that the health behavior can reduce a threat that is likely and would have severe consequences Limitations of Health Belief Model - Answer doesn't account for attitudes, beliefs, or other individual determinants that dictate a person's acceptance of a health behavior. behaviors that are habitual and thus may inform the decision-making process to accept a recommended action (e.g., smoking). behaviors that are performed for non-health related reasons such as social acceptability. environmental or economic factors that may prohibit or promote the recommended action. assumes: everyone has access to equal amounts of information on the illness or disease. cues to action are widely prevalent in encouraging people to act and that "health" actions are the main goal in the decision-making process. Health Belief Model: Perceived susceptability (flu shot example) - Answer The person's perceived chances of getting the flu they don't don't get the shot Health Belief Model: Perceived severity (flu shot example) - Answer The person's beliefs regarding the seriousness of having the flu Health Belief Model: Perceived benefits (flu shot example) - Answer The person's belief in the efficacy of he flu shot to reduce the chance they'll get the flu Health Belief Model: Perceived barriers (flu shot example) - Answer The person's opinion of the costs of getting the flu shot Health Belief Model: Cues to Action (flu shot example) - Answer Something that prompts the individual to get the flu shot Health Belief Model: Self-efficacy (flu shot example) - Answer The person's confidence in their willingness to get the flu shot Transtheoretical Model: Stages of Change - Answer Precomptemplation: Not aware of problem, uninformed, no intention to change Comtemplation: Aware problem exists, are thinking about changing Preparation: Intention to take action to change Action: Make modification in behavior Maintenance: made modifications, prevent relapse Transtheoretical Model: Consciousness Raising (Processes of Change) - Answer increasing awareness of the causes, consequences, and cures for a problem behavior