AAOS EMT Basic (12th Edition) Chapter 1| 29 questions and answers

Emergency Medical Services Systems EMS is a team of health care professionals who are responsible for and provide emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured 4 levels of EMT training and licensure -Emergency Medical Responder(EMR) -Emergency Medical Technicians(EMT) -Advanced EMT(AEMT) -Paramedic Emergency Medical Responder(EMR) Has a basic emergency care and operations training and is focused on managing the emergency scene and initiating immediate life-saving care before the ambulance arrives. EMRs may also perform roles under the direction of providers with more advanced training Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Has additional depth and breadth of training in basic emergency care and transportation of sick and injured patients. Not always the first to arrive, EMTs most commonly focus on initial stablization of the scene and fundamental emergency care. EMT primary link between the emergency scene and the health care system Advanced Emergency Medical Technician(AEMT) Has additional preparation beyond the EMT level that includes training and education in specific aspects of advanced life support (ALS) such as Intravenous (IV) therapy, advanced airway management, and the administration of certain emergency medications. AEMT primary focus advanced assessment techniques and selected emergency interventions known to improve patient outcomes Paramedics Have the greatest breadth and depth of education and training among emergency care providers. Their preparation focuses on ALS assessment; diagnostic and treatment tools and techniques, such as interpretation of heart rhythms; advanced airway management ; and emergency pharmacology. Paramedics functions as part of collaborative response, working under medical direction with EMS providers of other levels to help extend the reach of the health care system. Origin of EMS -Volunteer Ambulances in WW1 -Field Care in WW1 EMTs as we know today, Accidental Death and Disability: Tye neglected Disease of Modern Society established EMS in: 1966 DOT published the first EMT training curriculum in: Early 1970s AAOS published "The orange book" in: 1971 EMR Skills: provides basic immediate care including bleeding control, CPR, AED, and Emergency Childbirth EMT skills: includes all EMR skills, advanced oxygen and ventilation skills, pulse oximetry , noninvasive BP monitoring, and administration of certain medications. AEMT skills: includes all EMT skills, advanced airway devices, IV and IO access, blood glucose monitoring, and administration of additional medications. Paramedic skills includes all preceding training levels, advanced assessment and management skills, various invasive skills, and extensive pharmacology interventions. What to do if you encounter other first responders or people who want to help at the scene? Assess the situation and decide who may help assist you or who may cause more problems and danger Guiding Principles of EMS agenda 2050: Is a multidisciplinary , national review of all aspects of EMS delivery. The goal is to develop a more cohesive and consistent system across the county. What are the 5 key aspects of a people-centered EMS system as outlined in the EMS agenda 2050? 1: Comprehensive , quality convenient care car 2. Evidence -based clinical care 3. Efficient , well rounded care 4 . Preventive care 5. Comprehensive and easily accessible patient records What does a Medical Director for EMS system do? Authorizes the EMTs in the service to provide medical care in the field. Determine the appropriate care for each injury, condition or illness with a set of written standing orders and protocols. Liaison between medical community, hospitals and EMTs in service Physician Medical Director Online medical direction between physician and EMT comes via: Phone and Radio Offline medical direction between physician and EMT via: written guidlines and protocols Protocols are: The EMTs scope of practice Mobile Integrated Healthcare and Community Paramedicine new method of delivering health care-evolved from the patient protection and affordable care act-health care is provided within the community by a team of professionals-MIH necessitates additional training levels for EMS providers: paramedics receive advance training to provide services within the community The EMS continuous quality of improvement (CQI) process: reviews and audits the EMS system Goal of EMS systems minimize errors Roles and Responsibilities of EMT: -keep vehicles and equipment ready -ensure safety -operate the emergency vehicle -be an on-scene leader -perform a scene evaluation -call for additional resources as needed -gain patient assessment -give emergency medical care while awaiting additional medical resources -emotional support -maintain continuity of care -resolve emergency incidents -uphold medical and legal standards -ensure and protect patient privacy -give administrative support -continue professional development -cultivate and sustain community relations -give back to the profession