Test Bank for Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy; Rationales for Nursing Practice, Tenth edition, Geralyn Frandsen

1. Which cellular structure stores hormones and other substances and packages these substances into secretory granules? A) Golgi apparatus B) Endoplasmic reticulum C) Mitochondria D) Lysosome Ans: A Feedback: The golgi apparatus stores hormones and other substances. The endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes, which synthesize proteins, including enzymes that synthesize glycogen, triglycerides, and steroids and those that metabolize drugs and other chemicals. The mitochondria generate energy for cellular activities and require oxygen. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed vesicles that contain enzymes capable of digesting nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fats), damaged cellular structures, foreign substances (bacteria), and the cell itself. 2. A patient is suffering from a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the most therapeutic effect? A) A tablet B) An expectorant C) A topical spray D) A timed-release tablet Ans: B Feedback: Liquid medications are absorbed faster than tablets or capsules. Expectorants are liquid medications. A tablet is an oral medication that has a slower onset of action than a liquid medication. A topical spray can be sprayed to the back of the throat and provides only a local effect. A timed-release tablet is an oral medication that has a slower onset and longer duration of action. 3. A patient is administered an oral contraceptive. Which of the following is the process that occurs between the time the drug enters the body and the time that it enters the bloodstream? A) Absorption B) Distribution C) Metabolism