AANP CERTIFICATION EXAM 2023/2024

AANP CERTIFICATION EXAM 2023/2024 diverticulum can be an infection of - CORRECT ANSWER-both gram - and + bacteria Which diuretic should be used for osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Thiazide diuretics: slows the kidneys excretion of calcium and increases reabsorption Lachman maneuver - CORRECT ANSWER-knee instability tear of ACL Infections of labia and vagina - CORRECT ANSWER-bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis Chlamydia affects - CORRECT ANSWER-cervix, endometrial lining, fallopian tubes, pelvic cavity Acute abdomen symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-involuntary guarding, rebound tenderness, board-like abdomen, +obturator and psoas sign Care of preecplampsia - CORRECT ANSWER-bed rest, weight and blood pressure monitoring Preeclampsia labs - CORRECT ANSWER-urine protein, serum protein, creatinine, platelet count Preeclampsia symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-hypertension, proteinuria, edema (weight gain) Preeclampsia complications - CORRECT ANSWER-placental abruption, coagulopathy (DIC), renal failure, uteroplacental insufficiency, liver failure, hypertensive encephalopathy, retinal detachment, pulmonary edema, seizure, death community acquired pneumonia Most common bacteria least common bacteria Population treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-mycolpasma pneumoniae (atypical) h. influenza, strep pneumoniae atypical: psuedomonas aeruginosa college student, school children, military macrolides: azithromycin, clarithromycin Mantoux test - CORRECT ANSWER-Positive: 5mm Positive for recent immigrants: 10mm Murphy's sign - CORRECT ANSWER-biliary disorders deep inspiration by patient and deep palpation RUQ below costovertebral angle placenta previa - CORRECT ANSWER-implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus painless bright red blood in the second or third trimester Order abdominal US Hashimoto's is most common in which population - CORRECT ANSWER-middle age to older women Hypertension Retinopathy - CORRECT ANSWER-AV nicking and copper or silver wire arterioles flame-shaped hemorrhages threatened abortion - CORRECT ANSWER-vaginal bleeding and cramping, soft uterus, cervix closed bacterial vaginosis - CORRECT ANSWER-fishy odor, milky white or dull gray discharge pH > 4.5 > 20% clue cells KOH whiff test squamous cells dotted with lots of bacteria that obscure borders - CORRECT ANSWER-clue cells Lichen sclerosis - CORRECT ANSWER-skin disease, white spots appear over time, most common genital and rectal most common in older woman itching, discomfort, bleeding order biopsy AV valves - CORRECT ANSWER-mitral and tricuspid semilunar valves - CORRECT ANSWER-pulmonary and aortic S1 - CORRECT ANSWER-systole closure of AV valves mitral regurgitation aortic stenosis S2 - CORRECT ANSWER-diastole closure of semilunar valves mitral stenosis aortic regurgitation S3 - CORRECT ANSWER-normal variant in children, healthy young adults, and athletes heart failure early diastole S4 - CORRECT ANSWER-left ventricle hypertrophy late diastole Tanner Stages Males: II - CORRECT ANSWER-no changes to penis, testes enlarge Pubic hair is sparse and straight Tanner Stages Males: III - CORRECT ANSWER-penis lengthens hair darker and starts to curl Tanner Stages Males: IV - CORRECT ANSWER-penis increases in length and width hair coarse, not yet on medial thigh Tanner Stages Females: II - CORRECT ANSWER-breast buds pubic hair sparse and straight Tanner Stages Females: III - CORRECT ANSWER-breast tissue and areola in one mound hair darker, starts to curl Tanner Stages Females: IV - CORRECT ANSWER-areola separates and forms a secondary mound hair coarse, not on medial thigh yet TORCH infections - CORRECT ANSWER-Toxoplasmosis Other Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes osteoarthritis vs rheomatoid arthritis - CORRECT ANSWER-OA: stiffness, heberden's nodes, increase age, overuse, family history RA: relies more on labs, increased ESR, Bouchard's nodes, fatigue, fever, body aches drawer test - CORRECT ANSWER-instability of the knee mediolateral and anteroposterior plane torn or ruptured ligament fundal height 12 weeks - CORRECT ANSWER-just above pubic bone fundal height 20 weeks - CORRECT ANSWER-level of umbilicus fundal height 20-35 weeks - CORRECT ANSWER-number of weeks gestation +/- 2 cm apraxia - CORRECT ANSWER-loss of ability to perform purposeful movements in the absence of sensory or motor damage ectopic pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-amenorrhea, new onset of vaginal spotting, left adnexal tenderness, and cervical motion tenderness G6PD anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-hereditary, RBC break down, hemolysis Meds that can trigger: antimalarial drugs, aspirin, nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, quinidine, quinine, sulfa Pheochromocytoma - CORRECT ANSWER-a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to produce excess epinephrine and norepinephrine these hormones control heart rate, metabolism, and blood pressure Fitz-Hugh-Curtis - CORRECT ANSWER-Perihepatic inflammation & fibrosis; Complication of Chlamydia and pelvic inflammatory disease Sharp pain in RUQ subconjunctival hemorrhage risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER-Bright red patches in conjunctiva of eyes due to ruptured blood vessels Risk factors: DM, HTN, coughing, sneezing, blood thinners, aspirin, ginkgo Benign, will spontaneously resolve atopic dermatitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants. linear Koplik spots - CORRECT ANSWER-Rubeola (measles) small white papules inside the cheeks by rear molars treponema pallidum symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-syphilis painless chancre, maculopapular rash on palms and soles, lymphadenopathy, condyloma acata hCG is produced by - CORRECT ANSWER-placenta after implantation majority of AFP is produced by - CORRECT ANSWER-fetal liver Inevitable abortion - CORRECT ANSWER-bleeding and cramping/pain with cervical dilation but no passage of tissue incomplete abortion - CORRECT ANSWER-moderate to diffuse vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue, painful uterine cramping or contractions MMR and pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-contraindicated wait 4 weeks before becoming pregnant Positive signs of pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-ultrasound, auscultation of fetal HR with doppler Probable signs of pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-detected by examiner blood and urine tests, Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Hegar's sign, enlarged uterus Presumptive signs of pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-felt by woman amenorrhea, nausea, breast tenderness, deepening pigmentation, urinary frequency, quickening, fatigue testing HPV - CORRECT ANSWER-lesions will turn white with application of acetic acid OCD treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-SSRI first step for dementia assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-history from family and friends Phalen maneuver - CORRECT ANSWER-Tests carpel tunnel syndrome, pinches median nerve chronic cough causes - CORRECT ANSWER-postnasal drip, asthma, GERD, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, allergic rhinitis Aspirin effect on platelets - CORRECT ANSWER-irreversible, can last 15-20 days Chromolyn sodium inhaler - CORRECT ANSWER-prevent symptoms of asthma Rovsign's sign - CORRECT ANSWER-acute abdomen palpate deep LLQ, referred pain to RLQ cauda equina - CORRECT ANSWER-caused by compression of lumbar, sacral, or coccygeal nerve roots loss of bladder and bowel control paralysis/numbness of legs cause: disc herniation. abscess, tumor, inflammation order MRI