WGU C847 Fundamentals of Diversity, Inclusion, and Exceptional Learners Already Passed

WGU C847 Fundamentals of Diversity, Inclusion, and Exceptional Learners Already Passed Exceptional Children inclusive term generally referring to individuals who differ from societal or community standards of normalcy Disability inability or reduced ability to perform a task in a specific way; a limitation imposed on an individual by a loss or reduction of functioning Handicap the impact or consequence of a disability, not the condition itself; also can reflect attitudinal limitations imposed on the person with the disability by people without disabilities Handicapism the unequal and differential treatment experienced by those with a disability developmental delay A term defined by individual states referring to children ages 3 to 9 who perform significantly below developmental norms at-risk individuals who, although not yet identified as having a disability, have a high probability of manifesting a disability because of harmful biological, environmental, or genetic conditions Special Education customized instructional program designed to meet the unique needs of an individual learner by use of specialized materials, equipment, services, and/or teaching strategies related services integral part of a student's special education such as speech-language pathologists, social workers, and occupational therapists that allow the learner to obtain benefit from his or her special education Public Law (PL) 108-446 (the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004) identifies the following thirteen categories of disability: • Autism • Deaf-blindness • Developmental delay • Emotional disturbance • Hearing impairments including deafness • Mental retardation • Multiple disabilities • Orthopedic impairments • Other health impairments • Specific learning disabilities • Speech or language impairments • Traumatic brain injury • Visual impairments including blindness incidence number of new instances of a disability occurring within a given time frame, usually a year prevalence the total number of individuals with a particular disability existing in the population at a given time;expressed as a percentage of the population exhibiting this specific exceptionality PL 99-457 federal law mandating that youngsters between 3 and 5 years of age receive the same special educational services and legal protections as their school-age counterparts, or else states would risk the loss of significant federal financial support Jacob Rodrigues Pereine Introduced the idea that persons who were deaf could be taught to communicate. Developed an early form of sign language. Provided inspiration and encouragement for the work of Itard and Seguin. Philippe Pinel A reform-minded French physician who was concerned with the humanitarian treatment of individuals with mental illness. Advocated releasing institutionalized patients from their chains. Pioneered the field of occupational therapy. Served as Itard's mentor. Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard A French doctor who secured lasting fame because of his systematic efforts to educate an adolescent thought to be severely mentally retarded. Recognized the importance of sensory stimulation. "The father of Special Education" Thomas Gallaudet Taught children with hearing impairments to communicate through a system of manual signs and symbols. Established the first institution in the United States. Samuel Gridley Howe An American physician and educator accorded international fame because of his success in teaching individuals with visual and hearing impairments. Founded the first residential facility for the blind and was instrumental in inaugurating institutional care for children with mental retardation.