{NGN}TEST BANK OF ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALES AND ANSWERS LATEST

{NGN}TEST BANK OF ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALES AND ANSWERS LATEST 1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepareto administer as prescribed to the client? 1. Calcium chloride 2. Calcium gluconate 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) 4. Large doses of vitamin D 2. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed fora 6- year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item? 1. Milk 2. Water 3. Apple juice 4. Orange juice 3. 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a clientwith a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presenceof systemic toxicity from this medication? 1. Tinnitus 2. Diarrhea 3. Constipation 4. Decreased respirations 4. 4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they haveapplied sunscreen. The nurse reminds thechildren that chemical sunscreens are mosteffective when applied: 1. Immediately before swimming 2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun 3. Immediately before exposure to the sun 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure tothe sun 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale: The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencinghypercalcemia. Calciumgluconateandcalciumchloridearemedicationsusedforthetreatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,largedosesofvitaminDneedtobe avoided.Calcitonin,athyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption andlowering the serum calciumconcentration. 4. Orange juice Rationale: Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructedto administerthemedicationwithacitrusfruitorajuicethatishighin vitaminC.Milkmay affectabsorptionoftheiron.Waterwillnotassistinabsorption.Orangejuicecontains a greater amountofvitamin C thanapplejuice. 1. Tinnitus Rationale: Salicylic acid is absorbed readily throughtheskin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)canresult. Symptomsincludetinnitus,dizziness,hyperpnea,andpsychological disturbances.Constipationand diarrheaarenotassociatedwithsalicylism. 4.Atleast30minutesbeforeexposuretothesunRationale: Sunscreens aremost effective whenapplied at least 30 minutes beforeexposure tothesun so that theycanpenetratetheskin.Allsunscreensshouldbereappliedafterswimming orsweating. 3. Informingtheclientthatthisis normalRationale: Mafenideacetateis bacteriostatic forgram-negativeandgram-positive organismsandisusedto treatburnstoreducebacteriapresentinavasculartissues.Theclient shouldbeinformedthatthe 5. 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning.Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action? 1. Notifying the registered nurse 2. Discontinuing the medication 3. Informing the client that this is normal 4. Applying a thinner film than prescribedto the burn site medicationwillcauselocaldiscomfortandburningandthatthis isanormalreaction;therefore options 1, 2, and4 areincorrect 6. 6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate(Sulfamylon) tothesite of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicatesthat a systemic effect has occurred? 1.Hyperventilation 2.Elevated blood pressure 3.Local pain at the burn site 4.Local rash at the burn site 7. 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of thismedication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? 1. Platelet count 2. Triglyceride level 3. Complete blood count 4. White blood cell count 8. 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contactthe (HCP) if the client is taking which medication? 1. Vitamin A 2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) 3. Furosemide (Lasix) 4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) 9. 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being applied towhich of the following body areas? 1. Back 2. Axilla 3. Soles of the feet 4. Palms of the hands 10. 10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that theclient is being treated for: 1. Acne 2. Eczema 1. Hyperventilation Rationale: Mafenideacetateisacarbonicanhydraseinhibitorandcansuppressrenalexcretionof acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitoredforsigns ofanacid-base Options3and4describelocal ratherthansystemiceffects.Anelevatedbloodpressuremaybe expectedfromthepain that occurs with a burn injury. 2. Triglyceride level Rationale: Isotretinoincanelevatetriglyceridelevels. Bloodtriglyceridelevelsshouldbe measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerideshasbeenevaluated. Options1,3,and4donotneedtobemonitoredspecifically during thistreatment.