NR 507 MIDTERM EXAM / 170 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023/2024 / ALL CORRECT.

NR 507 MIDTERM EXAM / 170 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023/2024 / ALL CORRECT. NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 1. Asthma: Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles 2. What are 5 s/s of asthma: coughing wheezing shortness of breath rapid breathing chest tightness 3. Pathophysiology of asthma (5): -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm -excess mucus production and accumulation -hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle -airflow obstruction -decreased alveolar ventilation 4. Bronchioles: smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that become the alveoli 5. 3 layers of the bronchioles: innermost layer middle layer - lamina propria outermost layer 6. lamina propria: the middle layer of the bronchioles 7. structure of the lamina propria: embedded with connective tissue cells and immune cells 8. purpose of the lamina propria: white blood cells are present to help protect the airways 9. How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma: the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that damages host tissue 10. What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain: columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells 11. What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain: smooth muscle cells 12. what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do: control the airways ability to constrict and dilate 13. alveolar hyperinflation: When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside 14. how does hyperinflation occur?: the ongoing inflammatory process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around